6 z. bouCek 



of the lateral ocelli, the height is the distance between the anterior margin of the 

 median ocellus and a line through the posterior margins of the lateral ocelli. 

 POL, or post-ocellar length, is the distance between the inner margins of the lateral 

 ocelli, whilst OOL, or ocell-ocular length, is measured between the outer margin 

 of the lateral ocellus and the eye margin. Measurements of the eye give the 

 maximum and minimum diameters, in an antero-lateral view. The scrobes (united 

 antennal or supra-antennal pits) are well delimited by the scrobal carina; the width 

 is the maximum distance between the outer scrobal carinae, and the height is the 

 distance between the upper scrobal carina (at the ocellus) and the lower edge of 

 the antennal toruli (the torulus is the actual hole in which the antennal radicula 

 is inserted). Lower face: the height is measured between the lower margins of the 

 toruli and the lowermost point of the clypeus; the breadth is the minimum distance 

 between the eyes below the antennal insertions. The malar space is measured 

 between the lower extremity of the eye and the mouth margin in a vertical line, 

 i.e. in front of a trace of the malar (genal) suture, not more posteriorly on the gena, 

 where the mouth margin sometimes curves slightly upwards. The mouth is 

 measured between its lateral corners, usually easy to see in a ventro-facial view, 

 outside of the mandibles. The latter always have a well separated lower tooth 

 (less distinct only in Micrapion) , by a triangular notch or by a semicircular gap; 

 their inner margin above the notch may be straight or emarginate to form another 

 two teeth. The well developed labio-maxillary complex is rarely used in 

 descriptions, although it shows a few good characters, mainly in the subdivision 

 of the apical part of maxilla, beyond stipes and the membranous part to which 

 the maxillary palpi are attached (I am not sure whether the apical part seen for 

 example in Text-fig. n is actually homological with lacinia). 



The thorax is treated together with the propodeum, i.e. originally the first 

 abdominal segment (mesosoma of some authors). The pronotum often bears 

 transverse keels, carinae; the complete set (Text-fig. 10) includes the carinate hind 

 margin, a premarginal carina and a discal carina. Sometimes a distinct arcuate 

 swelling is developed anteriorly connecting the anterior corners (shoulders). The 

 mesoscutum sometimes shows traces, in form of shallow and broad longitudinal 

 depressions on either side of the middle, diverging forwards; these are the notaular 

 furrows or notauli, whilst the parapsidal furrows are indicated by short, often slot- 

 like vestiges inside the hind corners of the mesoscutum. The breadth of the scutellum 

 is measured about in its middle and does not include the axillae (Text-fig. 8). The 

 dorsellum is the central raised part of the metanotum. The propodeum usually 

 has the median carina and sub-lateral carinae, called plicae, inside the postspiracular 

 furrow. The thoracic pleurum (I have previously used 'pleura' as singular and 

 'pleurae' as plural) is subdivided as shown in Text-fig. 4. The stigmal vein of the 

 fore wing emits a branch subparallel to the anterior margin and this branch is called 

 uncus, whilst the apex of the vein, beyond the uncus, where present (absent in 

 Text-fig. 20) is called the terminal processus. 



The gaster of the female is shown in Text-fig. 4. It has a strongly reduced petiole 

 and tergites counted as 1-6, the sixth bearing a good landmark in the spiracles and 

 followed by the epipygium (the following two tergites fused together) bearing 



