REVISION OF LEUCOSPIDAE 149 



coxa very broad, densely punctured, dorsal edge rounded anteriorly but strongly 

 narrowed posteriorly, there thin, carinate to subserrate but without any tooth. 

 Hind femur moderately stout; middle teeth the longest, parallel-sided, basal tooth 

 small. Apex of hind tibia produced into stout spine with rudiment of outer spur 

 on top, adtarsal margin of spine concave or subconvex. 



The group is close to the tricolor-group and the petiolata-group (with its African 

 sister-group of L. fuelleborniana) . The tricolor-group differs in still sturdier body, 

 with hind femur still plumper, hind tibia subcarinate dorso-laterally at base, 

 ovipositor always shorter. The petiolata-group differs in the pronotum having a 

 conspicuous cross-depression behind a cross-swelling connecting arcuately its 

 anterior corners, denser pubescence on the face and a much slenderer gaster, with 

 first tergite distinctly narrower than the rest and the ovipositor and its furrow not 

 reaching beyond the base of the fifth tergite. 



The gigas -group is confined to the Old World and several subgroups may be 

 recognized, the characters of which may be summed up in the following key. 



1 Clypeus strongly produced beyond level of mouth corners (Text-figs 1, 157, 158) . 2 



- Clypeus hardly produced (Text-figs 183, 187) ...'... 3 



2 Dorsellum distinctly bidentate; widely Mediterranean . . . only gigas Fabricius 



- Dorsellum convex-conical, not bidentate; African . . . miniat a-subgroup 



3 Dorsellum posteriorly with conspicuous carina forming or suggesting two short teeth; 



Mediterranean to Asiatic ....... infermedia-subgroup 



- Dorsellum not distinctly carinate, unarmed; Indo- Australian . only histrio Maindron 



The intermedia-subgroup includes only L. intermedia Illiger discussed here below 

 and L. darjilingensis Mani discussed with the Asiatic species (p. 172). 



Leucospis gigas Fabricius 

 (Text-figs 1, 2, 8, 9, 176) 



'Cinips (lugdunaea) nigra, . . .', Tourette, 1780 : 730-747, figs 1-4, $. 



Leucospis gallica Villers, 1789 : 261. Proposed as valid binomen for a 'Cinips' described by 



Tourette, 1780. 

 Cynips Lugdunaea Gmelin, 1790 : 2653. Proposed as valid binomen for a 'Cinips' of Tourette, 



1780. 

 Leucospis gigas Fabricius, 1793 : 245-246, °.<$. LECTOTYPE $ (here designated), S. France 



(UZM, Copenhagen) [examined]. An alternate name (?) for L. gallica Villers, 1789. 

 Leucospis grandis Klug, 1814 : 66, $. Type(s), Yugoslavia: (Fiume =) Rjeka (?lost). 

 Leucospis varia Klug, 1814 : 67, $. LECTOTYPE 9 (here designated), Yugoslavia: (Fiume =) 



Rjeka (MNHU, Berlin) [examined]. 

 Leucospis nigricornis Walker, 1834 : 16-17, $. Type(s), France: near Paris (?lost). 

 Leucospis Shuckardi Westwood, 1834 : 214-215, '<£'. Holotype $, 'North America' (UM, 



Oxford) [examined]. 

 Leucospis rufo-notata Westwood, 1839 : 245, $. LECTOTYPE $ (here designated), Italy: 



Sicily (UM, Oxford) [examined]. 

 Leucospis Costae Schembri, 1847 : lxxxvii, $ <§. Types, Malta (?lost). 

 Leucaspis quettaensis Cameron, 1906 : 91-92,'$'. LECTOTYPE^ (here designated), Pakistan: 



Quetta (BMNH) [examined]. Syn. n. 



