TACHINIDAE OF ORIENTAL REGION i 5 



Scarabaeoidea, except probably in Microphthalmini {Tachininae) for which hosts 



not recorded in Oriental Region] . . . . . . . . . 18 



[Note that Microphthalmini resemble Proseninae (Dexiinae) very closely 

 because of their very deep gena and plumose arista but can be distinguished 

 by the presence of hairing on the whole anterior surface of the fore coxa (similar 

 to Text-fig. 140) and by short-haired parafacials] 



18 Forms with the following characters present simultaneously: small robust shining 



black forms with short legs (body length under 6 mm) ; head of <J holoptic and 

 with uppermost eye facets usually conspicuously larger than lowermost facets; 

 two post ia setae; scutellum with very strong crossed or convergent apical setae 

 and either one or two other pairs of marginals; bend of vein M evenly rounded, 

 without appendix, and very close to the apical edge of the wing; wing veins 

 bare (except basal node of /? 4 ( 5 ) ; parafacials bare; $ abdomen without exserted 

 postabdominal structures (cf. forcipate end to ? abdomen in Leucostomatini 

 (Phasiinae)). {Parasites of Coleoptera] . Dufouriini (Dufouriinae, part) (p. 38) 



- Forms without such characters present simultaneously . . . . . 19 



19 Forms with the following characters present simultaneously: arista bare; para- 



facials without setae and nearly always totally bare (fully hairy in Calyptromyia 



and then apex of $ abdomen with forceps-like processes, Text-fig. 113); reclinate 



orbital setae undifferentiated (but a pair of prevertical setae usually present, 



most often twisted outwards) ; prst ia seta absent ; one or two post ia setae ; 



pteropleural seta weak or absent; fore tibia without a series of ad setae along its 



length; fore coxa bare on the inner anterior surface; fore tarsus of ? not enlarged 



and flattened; wing veins bare (except basal node of R i + i ); abdominal Ti -f 2 



not excavate to its hind margin; intermediate abdominal tergites without discal 



setae (except in Hermya-comp\ex and Penthosiosoma) ; ? postabdomen often 



with recurved terminal claspers, sometimes with horizontal terminal forceps 



(latter in Leucostomatini). [Parasites of Hemiptera]. .PHASIINAE (part) (p. 16) 



[Also running out at this exit is the rarely collected genus Zambesa with 



unknown hosts and until recently placed in Phasiinae. It differs from other 



forms running out at this point by the scutellum having two pairs of enormous 



diverging setae (Text-fig. 74)] 



- Forms without such characters present simultaneously (but special care needed at 



this point as some Tachininae only failing to conform on one of the above-cited 



characters). [Parasites of other orders, mainly Lepidoplerd] 



TACHININAE (large part) (p. 53) 

 [Running out at this exit is a large miscellany of forms, composing most of the 

 Tachininae, that cannot be characterized by a simple combination of characters. 

 Also running out here are a few members of the subfamily Goniinae, viz. those 

 that have both the eyes and the presternum bare : these include a few Blondeliini, 

 Acemyini and Neaerini and the genus Blepharella in Sturmiini. None of these 

 except the last-named can be readily separated from Tachininae; Blepharella 

 differs from Oriental bare-eyed Tachininae, in having the facial ridges strongly 

 setose on their whole height] 



The members of some tachinid subfamilies or tribes are confined, or almost 

 confined, to particular insect host groups. Knowledge of the hosts can therefore be 

 a useful indicator in some instances of the subfamily or tribe to which any tachinid 

 specimen is likely to belong. When identifying a tachinid reared from a known host 

 it can be advantageous to consider the host group rather than the characters of the 

 fly, as this will often provide a short-cut in the process of identification. The 

 following key is given to aid in identification by means of the hosts, but should be 



