TACHINIDAE OF ORIENTAL REGION 285 



pentatomid hosts. Anwar Cheema et al. (1973) have recently discussed the tachinid 

 parasites of Pentatomidae associated with graminaceous crops in Pakistan. 



Hymenoptera. Members of the Anacamptomyiini are parasites in the nests 

 of social and solitary wasps in the Old World tropics. Very few records exist 

 for the Oriental Region, but anacamptomyiines have been obtained from the nests 

 of Eumenes, Ropalidia and Vespa in the Indo-Malayan subregion. Tachinid 

 parasites of sawflies are almost unknown from the Oriental area, but Palexorista 

 occasionally attacks Gilpinia and Athalia species in northern India and Pakistan, 

 and P. ? subanajama has very recently been reported to parasitize Nesodiprion 

 biremis in northern Thailand (Beaver & Laosunthorn, 1975). In other zoogeographi- 

 cal regions larval sawflies are attacked by several members of the tribe Blondeliini, 

 and it is likely that some Oriental blondeliines also attack sawflies. 



Orthoptera. Extremely little is known of the part played by Orthoptera in 

 tachinid host-relations in the Oriental area, although several tachinid groups 

 exist in the region for which orthopterous hosts are to be expected. The members 

 of the nearly worldwide tribe Acemyini only attack Orthoptera (so far as is known), 

 and the only orthopterous host records that exist for the Oriental Region appear 

 to be Ceracia aurifrons as a parasite of Locusta migratoria and of unidentified grass- 

 hoppers in Philippines, and Eoacemyia errans as a parasite of an unidentified acridid 

 in Malaya. It is nearly certain that grasshoppers and locusts (Acridoidea) will 

 also prove to be the hosts of Phorocerosoma species (Ethillini) in the Oriental Region, 

 as the widespread east Asian species Phorocerosoma vicarium (syn. P. forte) is 

 a parasite of Oxya yezoensis Shiraki (syn. 0. japonica Willemse) in Japan (see Iwata 

 & Nagatomi, 1954), and other ethillines allied to this species are parasites of acridoids 

 in Africa. No Oriental Tachinidae are yet known to parasitize bush-crickets 

 (Tettigonioidea) or crickets (Grylloidea) but Oriental members of the tribes Ormiini 

 and Glaurocarini are likely to do so, as the ormiines are parasites of both these 

 groups of Orthoptera in other zoogeographical regions, and Glanrocara parasitizes 

 bush-crickets in Africa (Crosskey, 1965). 



Other Insecta. The five orders Coleoptera, Hemiptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidop- 

 tera and Orthoptera, are the only insect orders at present known to be involved 

 in host-parasite relationships with Oriental Tachinidae*. It is likely, however, 

 to judge from knowledge of associations in other regions, that a few Oriental tachi- 

 nids attack members of the Mantodea, Phasmatodea and possibly the Diptera. 

 Concerning tachinid parasitization on Diptera there is one reference in the Oriental 

 literature but it is considered too unsubstantiated to accept: Beeson & Chatterjee 

 (1961 : 353) record that Thrycolyga impexa Villeneuve (now a synonym of Aplomya 

 metallica (Wiedemann)) was bred from syrphid larvae in India that were predaceous 

 on small caterpillars. 



PARASITE-HOST LIST 



The tachinid parasites cited in the list are arranged in alphabetical order of their 

 tribes, and alphabetically by genus and species within each tribe: the names used 



* See Appendix, p. 337. 



