FUMARIA OFFICINALIS. COMMON FUMITORY. 



FUMARIA Llnau Gen, PL Diadelphia Hexandria. 



Cal. diyhyllus, Cor, ringens. Filamenta 2, membranacea, fingula Antherh 3. 

 Rati Syn. Gen. 10. Herbje flore perfecto simplici, seminibus nudis solitariis seu 



AD SINGULOS FLORES SINGULIS. 



FUMARIA officinalis pericarpiis monofpermis racemofis, caule diffufo. Linnai. Syji. Vegetal, p. 43?. 



Sp. PL p. 984. Fl. Suecic. p. 245. 

 FUMARIA foliis multifidis ; lobis fubrotimde lanceolatis ; frudtibus monofpermis. Holler, hift, helv. n. 346. 

 FUMARIA officinalis. Scopoli FL Carniol. p. 47. 

 FUMARIA officinarum et Diofcoridis. Bauhin pin. 143. 

 FUMARIA purpurea. Gerard, emac, 1088. 

 FUMARIA vulgaris. Parkin/on. 287. Rail Syn. p. 284, .Fumitory. 



Hudfon FL Angl. p. 270. 



Lightfoot FL Scot. p. 3? 9. 



RADIX annua, fibrofa, ex flavo-fufca. 



CAULES dodrantales aut cubitales, diffufi, angulofi, 



geniculis tumidis, ramofi, glabri, teneri, fub- 



flexuofi. 



FOLIA alterna, petiolata, duplicato-pinnata, glauca, 

 pinnulis trilobatis, mucronatis, lobis extimis 

 bifidis aut trifidis. 



FLORES racemofi, purpurei, racemi erecti, multiflori, 

 floribus fparfis, pedunculatis, pedunculis clava- 

 tis. 



BRACTEiE lanceolate, apice purpurea, fingulo pedun- 

 culo fubjectze, jig. 1 . 



CALYX : PERiANTHiuMdiphyllum; foliolis oppofitis, 

 aequalibus, lateralibus, acutis, denticulatis, 

 deciduis, fig. 2, 3. 



COROLLA oblong'a, ringens, palato prominente fau- 

 cem claudente. Labium fuperius apice dilatatum, 

 carinatum, fubtus concavum, margine paulu- 

 lumreflexa, bafiobtufa, incurvata. Labium infie- 

 rius longitudine labii fuperioris et fimile quoad 

 apicem, caeteroquin lineare, ball paulo latiore. 

 Petala lateralia five alas apice cohasrent fau- 

 cemque tetragonam efformant fupra infraque 

 tridentatam, fig .4, 5, 6, 7. 



STAMINA : Filamenta duo, alba, membranacea, 

 bafi lata, germen ampleclentia : Antherje 

 tres, flavefcentes in fmgulo filamento, termina- 

 les, fig. 8. 



PISTILLUM : Germen ovatum : Stylus filiformis 

 longitudine ftaminum, adfcendens : Stigma 

 compreflum, villofum, fig, 9. 



PERICARPIUM Silicula uniloculars, fubcordata, fig, 

 10. 



SEMEN unicum, fubrotundum, fig. 1 \, 



ROOT annual, fibrous, of a yellowifh brown colour. 



STALKS from nine to feventeen inches in height, 

 fpreading, angular, enlarged at the joints, 

 branched, fmooth, tender, and fomewhat bend- 

 ing. 



LEAVES alternate, ftanding on foot-ftalks, twice pin- 

 nated, of a blueifh green colour, the pinnule 

 or little leaves trilobate, terminating in a fhort 

 point, the outermoft lobes bifid or trifid. 



FLOWERS growing in a kind of fpike, of a purple 

 colour ; fpikes upright, fupporting many flow- 

 ers, which are placed, without any regular 

 order, on foot-ftalks, thickeft at the extremity. 



FLORAR-LEAF lanceolate, and purple at top, placed 

 under each flower-ftalk, fig. 1. 



CALYX : a Perianthium of two leaves, the leaves 

 oppoiite, asqual, lateral, pointed, with little 

 teeth at the edges, and deciduous, fig. 2, 3. 



COROLLA oblong, ringent, the palate prominent, and 

 clofing the mouth : upper lip dilated at the 

 tip, keel-fhaped, hollow beneath, the margin 

 turning a little upwards ; the bafe obtufe, 

 and curled inward: the lower lip the fame 

 length as the upper one, and fimilar as to the 

 top, in other refpecls linear ; the bafe a little 

 broader : the lateral Petals, or wings, cohere 

 at top, and form a four corner'd mouth, in 

 which there are three divifions on the upper 

 and lower part, fig. 4, 5, 6, 7. 



STAMINA: two white Filaments, membranous, 

 broad at bottom, and embracing. the germen : 

 Antherje three, of a yellowifh colour, fitting 

 on the tops of the filaments, fig. 8. 



PISTILLUM: Germen oval: Style thread-fhaped, 

 the length of the ftamina, riling upwards : 

 Stigma compreffed, and villous, fig. 9. 



SEED-VESSELL a fmall Pod of one cavity, fomewhat 

 inverfely heart-fhaped, fig. 1 o> 



SEED one, of a roundifh figure, fig. 1 1 . 



FUMITORY in its flower and fruit, has certainly a confiderable affinity with the papilionaceous plants, although 

 that affinity is not very obvious at firft fight : and at the fame time, fome parts of its ftructure feem altogether 

 peculiar to itfelf. The poflerior part of the corolla terminates in a kind of nectarium, like what weobferve in the 

 Violet. But the part in which it differs moil from the papilionaceous flowers, is its calyx, which coniifts of two 

 fmall lateral leaves, more like ftipulae than a calyx. The filaments, as in papilionaceous flowers, are diftindtly 

 divided into two bodies, on the top of each of which, in a very Angular manner, are placed three antheras, each 

 ffanding on a little footftalk. The feed-veflell in this fpecies, has not much refemblance to thofe of the papiliona- 

 ceous tribe ; but in fome of the other fpecies it has a very confiderable one, as in the Clavtculata. This difference 

 offfruclurein the feed-veffells, caufedRAY to divide the plants of this genus, and place them in different clailes : 

 but by LinntEus they are claiTed together with the diadelphous plants. 



When this plant grows luxuriantly, and near other plants, the leaves acquire a power of acting as tendrils, and 

 fupporting the plant : this is the principal variety to which it is fubjec"t. 



It grows very commonly in corn-fields, gardens, and on the fides of banks ; flowering from April to July. 



The juice of it given to two ounces, with whey, gently opens the body, purifies (as it is called) the blood, refills 

 the fcurvy, removes eruptions of the ikin, and a too great rednefs of the face, if exercife in the fpring be joined 

 with it. The extract., or infpiffated juice of it, appears to be the mofl eligible form, of which one dram loofens 

 the belly;- Haller. hifl. helv. p. 150. 



Kine and Sheep eat it ; Goats not readily ; Horfes and Swine not at all, 



