Rap h anus R aph an t strum* Wild Radish, 



RAPHANUS Lin. Gen, PL TetradynAmia Siliquosa. 



Cal. clanfns. Slliqua torofa, fubarticulata, teres. 'Glandule rrielllfera* 

 2 infer ftamina breviora et phriltuirij tocidem inter ftamina longiora el 

 calyceiXL 



Rait Syn. Gen. 21. Herb.e tetrapetal.e siliquosa et siliculosje. 



RAPHANUS Raphanifirum filiquis teretibus articnlatis laevibus unilocularibus. Lin. Svfi. Ve^et p co % 

 Sp. PL 955 . FL Suec. n. 612. Bailer. Hfi. n. 468. ' 1 



RAPHANISTRUM fegetum, flore luteo vel pallido. Tottrnef. In/I. 240. 



RAPISTRUM flore luteo, filiqua glabra articulata. Rail Syn. p. 296. 



RAPHANUS fylveftris. Ger. mac. 240. Had/on FL Angl. p. 280. Light foot FL Scot. p. ^62. 



RADIX annua, fimplex, fibrofa, pallide fufca. |ROOT annual, ilmple, fibrous, and of a pale brown 



% colour. 



CAULTS pedalis ad fefquipedalem, ereftus, teres, folidus, | STALK from a foot to a foot and a half in height» up- 

 hifpidus, glaucus, ad bafm ufque plerumque| right, round, folid, hifpid, glaucous, gene^ 



ramofus, ramis faspe longitudine caulis, ad? rally branched quite down to the bottom 



bafm purpureis. | branches often as long as the fralk, and purple 



t at bottom. 



FOLIA petiolata, pinnatifida, alterna, fcabra, inferiori- 1 LEAVES ftanding on foot-ftalks, pinnatifid, alternate, 

 bus pinnarum quatuor aut quinque parium, f rough, die lowermoft eonfifting o£ four or five 



fupenonbus duarum triumve, omnibus obtufi- | pair of piling the uopermoft 01 two or three 



ufcub ferratis feu dentatis, dentibus apice pur- 1 all of them obtufely fe'rrated or toothed, the 



P ureis - I teeth purple at the tips. 



FLORES pedunculati, lutei, albi, feu carnei, venis ni-| FLOWERS ftanding on foot-ftalks, yellow, white or 

 gricantibus pidi. ? fleih-coloured, painted with blackim' veins. 



CALYX: Perianthium tetraphyllum, erectum, hifpi-| CALYX : a Perianthium of four leaves, upright; a 

 dulum, foliolis oblongis, parallelis, conniven-f little hifpid, the leaves oblong, parallel, dofino- 



tibus, deciduis, bafigibbis. fig. 1. | together, deciduous, gibbous at the bafe. fi?. 1. 



COROLLA tetrapetala, cruciformis : petala alba five f COROLLA compofed of four petals, which are white, 



lutea vel purpurafcentia, venofa : . venis nigri- 1 yellow, or purplifh, veined (the veins blackim) 



cantibus, obcordata, Integra, patentia, fenfimf inverfely heart-maped, entire, fpreading* ter- 



iri ungues calyce paulo longiores attenuata.| minating gradually in claws, a little longer 



fig- 2. I than the calyx, fig. 2. 



STAMINA: Filamenta fex, fubulata, erecta ; quo- ? STAMINA : fix Filaments, tapering, upnoht'j of 

 rum duo oppofita longitudine calycis, quatuor | which two oppofite ones "are of the length of 



vero unguibus longiora. Anthers oblongse, % the calyx, and four of the length of the claws 



ere£te, fagittatas. fig. 3. | G f the corolla. Anthers oblong, upright, 



y arrow-fhaped fig. 3. 



PISTILLUM: Germen oblongum, ventricofum, atte- 1 PISTILLUM : Germen oblong, bellying out a little 

 nuatum, longitudine ftaminum, Stylus vix \ tapering, the length of the ftamina. Style 



ullus. Stigma capitatum, integrum. /^. 4. | fcarce any. Stigma forming a little head, 



I and entire, fig. 4. 



PERICARPIUM: Siliqua teres, articulata, articulis tri- ? SEED-VESSEL a round jointed Pod, compofed of three, 

 bus ad fex et ultra, fulcatis, unilocularibus, | fix, or more joints, which are grooved, of one 



monofpermis, geniculis attenuatis, apice rof- f cavity, containing a fingle feed° the joints cut 



trata, roftro lmeari compreflb, glabra, fig. 5. | in, the apex terminating in a linear, fiat, 



v frnooth beak. fig. 5. 



SEMINA fubrotunda, ferruginea, glaberrima, magnitu- J SEEDS roundifb, ferrugineous, very frnooth, the fize 

 dine feminum Raphani fativi. fig. 6. * of the common garden Radifh. fig. 6. 



The prefent plant, in the colour of its blofibm, is one of the mofr variable we are acquainted with, being; found 

 with white, pale-red, and yellow flowers : as the yellow is the moft predominant with us, we have figured that 

 variety. 



Though the bloffoms vary fo widely as to colour, they are all in general ftriped with purplifh veins ; a character 

 which contributes with feveral others to diftingnim it from the Sinapjs Arvenfis, or Charlock, to which it bears" no 

 fmall refemblance ; fome of the mod; ftriking differences between thefe two plants we mall here enumerate. 



The Charlock ufually grows one third taller than the Radifh. The ftalks, which in the Charlock are finely 

 grooved, hirfute, and commonly of a deep red colour, in the Radifh are fmooth, yet hifpid, and ufually glaucous. 

 The Charlock has often an unbranched item ; the Radifh is more frequently branched quite down to the bottom ; 

 befides, the calyx is upright and clofe in the Radifh ; in the Charlock it is fpreading. The flowers of the Charlock 

 alfo are fmaller, and always yellow. 



It is a common and noxious inhabitant of Corn-fields, and flowers in July and Augufi. 



LiNNiEUS has given a particular paper on this plant in the Amcenitates "Academics, in which he endeavours to 

 prove, that an epidemic fpafmodic difeafe, common in fome parts of Sweden, is owing to the feeds of this plant 

 being ground with the corn and eaten by the inhabitants. 



