

GROSBEAK. 213 



the eggs roundish, bluish green, spotted with olive brown, and a few 

 blackish markings. 



This bird is common in Italy, Germany, Sweden, and the West, 

 and Southern parts, of Russia, where the wild fruits grow; elsewhere 

 scarce, except beyond the Lake Baikal, where they arrive from the 

 South in great numbers, to feed on the produce of the small fruited 

 crab-tree.* Dr. Tengmalm observes, that these, and the Crossbills, 

 come into Sweden, alternately, in vast flocks, but never appear at 

 the same time :f sometimes seen on the Isthmus of Gibraltar, in 

 spring and autumn ; and some parts of the surrounding country, 

 especially towards Honda, are much infested with them ; are par- 

 ticularly destructive to the fruit gardens, and many are caught in 

 nets, and brought to the markets dead, with other birds, for sale. 



6.— PINE GROSBEAK. 



Loxia Enucleator, Ind. Orn. i. 372. Lin. i. 299. Faun. Suec. No. 223. Gm. Lin. i. 



825. Act. Holm. 1757. 139. Brun. 239. Muller, 246. Borowsk. iii. 133. Spa- 



loivsk. iii. t. 37. Dciud. ii. 386. Nat. Misc. pi. 685. Shaw's Zool. ix. 238. pi. 43. 

 Coccothraustes Canadensis, Bris. iii. 250. t. 12. f. 3. Id. 8vo. i. 378. 

 Fringilla Enucleator, Tern. Man. d'Orn. p. 199. Id. F.d. ii. 533. (Pyrrhula). 

 Der Krappenfresser, Naturf. xvii. 87. 



Le Dur-bec, Grosbec de Canada, Buf. iii. 457. PI. enl. 135. 1. 

 Greatest Bulfinch, Edw. 123. 124.— male & female. 

 Pine Grosbeak, Gen. Syn. iii. p. 111. Id. Sup. 148. Br. Zool. No. 114. pi. 49. 2. Id. 



1812. i. p. 423. pi. 54: Arct. Zool. ii. 209. Id. Sup. p. 64. Ell. Narr. ii. 15. 



Lewiri's Birds, ii. t. 68. Bewick, i. 135. Am. Orn. i. pi. 5. f. 2. 



THIS is nine inches in length, extent of wing fourteen ; 

 weight two ounces. Bill dusky, stout at the base, the upper man- 

 dible hooked at the tip ; nostrils covered with brown feathers ; 

 those of the head, neck, breast, and rump rose-coloured crimson ; 

 back, and lesser wing coverts black, edged with reddish ; greater 



* Pyrus baccata Lin. Mr. White mentions one shot in England, which had a mass of 

 the kernels of damsons in the stomach. Natur. Calend. p. 91. Its chief food is, we be- 

 lieve, the fruit of the hawthorn. f Arct. Zool. App. p. 64. 



