218 GROSBEAK. 



In the summer it keeps in the woods, and more retired places ; but in 

 the winter appears in gardens and orchards; and said to make great 

 havock among the buds of trees. Is a very docile species when 

 tame, not only learning to whistle tunes, but to articulate words.* 

 In the wild state has only a plain note, two or three times re- 

 peated, like Tui, Tui, but by no means a song. It is common on 

 most parts of the Continent of Europe, and throughout Russia and 

 Siberia ; at which last place it is caught for the table. According 

 to Thunberg, it extends even to Japan. 



A.— Pyrrhula nigra, Bris. iii. 313. A. Id. 8vo. i. 396. Buf. iv. 384. 



Coccothrautes atricilla, Klein, An. 96. 



Loxia Pyrrhula, Corbo, Spalowsk. Vog. i. t. 25. 



Black Bulfinch, Gen. Syn. iii. 144. A. Alb. iii. pi. 69. 



This is wholly black ; often met with in this state naturally, or 

 changing in confinement, f Spalowski's bird was black; quills, and 

 irides white ; pupil red. 



B.— Pyrrhula Candida, Bris. iii. 313. B. Id. 8vo. i. 396. Buf. iv. 383. Gen. Syn. 

 iii. 144. Spaloivsk. Vog. ii. t. 37. 



White, except a few black spots on the back. — One in the Le- 

 verian Museum, wholly white. Also two other Varieties. In one, 

 a male, the top and sides of the head beautiful white, tinged with 

 blossom-colour, beneath white ; quills and tail black. The other, 

 a female, had the crown, wing coverts, rump, and vent, white, 

 otherwise of the common colour. 



* Piping Bulfinches are taught in Germany, from whence they are annually imported 

 into London. Two compositions, or duets, for two Piping Bulfinches, may be seen in the 

 Appendix to the B7itish Zoology. f Especially if fed with hemp-seed. 



