orous. 235 



of black ; the feathers of the neck long and loose, and may be 

 elevated as in the Cock ; throat and fore part of the neck orange 

 brown ; the rest of the under parts yellowish white, marked with a 

 few curved black spots on the breast and sides ; under tail coverts 

 pale orange, spotted with white ; quills and tail like the back ; the 

 former with pale brown spots; the latter, consisting of eighteen 

 feathers, crossed with narrow bars of black, and one broad, black 

 band near the tips ; legs covered with hairs to the toes, which are 

 flesh-coloured, and pectinated on the sides. 



The young of the Ruffed Grous is mottled in waves, brown, 

 rufous, and black ; beneath paler, mixed with white, marked with 

 transverse black streaks; tail as in the male, with a bar at the end, 

 but the mottlings above indistinct. 



FEMALE. 



Tetrao togatus, Lin. i. 275. Gm.Lin.i. 752. 



Bonasa major Canadensis, Br is. i. 207. t. 21. 1. Jd. 8vo. i. 57. 



La Grosse Gelinotte de Canada, Buf. ii. 281. PL enl. 204. 



Francolin a. Collier, Hearn's Voy. 348. 



Shoulder-knot Grous, Gen. Syn. iv. 737. Ph. Trans, lxii. 393. Arct. Zool. ii. 179. 



Length fifteen inches and a half. Bill brown ; head and upper 

 parts varied with rufous, brown, black, and ash-colour; throat and 

 fore part of the neck rufous, with small spots and hands of brown ; 

 upper parts of the breast blackish and grey, forming a sort of band, 

 communicating on each side, with a packet of long black feathers, 

 falling over the wing; the rest of the under parts crossed with brown, 

 rufous, and dirty white ; tail not unlike the back, crossed with five 

 or six narrow black bars, and a broad one near the end, the tips of 

 the feathers grey ; legs as in the male. 



From both the sexes being apt to vary at different periods of life, 



they have been esteemed as distinct species. One of these formerly 



in my collection, and supposed a female, was much paler than the 



H h2 



