SANDPIPER. 24o 



1.— RUFF SANDPIPER. 



Tringa pugnax, Ltd. Orn. ii. 725. Lin. i. 247. Fn. suec. No. 175. Gm. Lin. i. 609. 



Scop. i. No. 140. lirun. No. 168, 169. 181? Kramer, 352. 1, 2. FracA, t. 



232. 235. Georgi, 172. Sepp, t. p. 29. J3m. v. 240. t. 22. f. 1, 2. Id. Svo. ii. 



273. Raii, 107. A. 3. Witf. 224. t. 56. Klein, 102. 10. Id. Stem. t. 21. f. I. 



a. b. Borowsk. iii. 92. t. 52. Fn. Helv. Johnst. Av. pi. 52. f. 1 — 4. Gerin. iv. 



t. 488. Tern. Man. Ed. ii. 633. 

 Calidris, vulgo Gambetta, coloribus ludens, Gerin. i v. t. 466 ? 468? 

 Combattant, ou Paon de Mer, Buf. vii. 521. pi. 29, 30. PL enl. 305, 306. 

 Pavoncella, Get. uc. Sard. 253. 



Paxaro Peleador, Gabin. de Madrid, ii. p. 15. lam. 43. 



Der Kampfhahn, Bechst. Deuts. iii. 155. Naturf. xiii. 214. Schmid, p. 125. t. 109. 

 Ruff and Reeve, Gen. Syn. v. 159. Br. Zool. ii. 192. pi. 09. Id. fol. 123. pi. E. 



Id. 1812. ii. 71. pi. 14. Arct. Zool. ii. 479. A. Will. Engl. 302. pi. 56. Alb. i. 



pi. 72, 73. Bewick, ii. pi. p. 95. Lewin, pi. 166. Id. xxix. f. 1. — the egg. 



Walcot, ii. pi. 144. Don. t. 19. Orn. Diet. 2f Supp. Rural Sports, ii. t. 458. 



LENGTH twelve inches. Bill more than one inch ; yellowish, 

 in some black ; irides hazel ; the face in the adult bird covered with 

 numerous, yellow piniples ;* the back of the head, and the neck 

 furnished with very long feathers, standing out in a remarkable 

 manner, not unlike a ruff; a portion of this set of feathers stands 

 up over each eye, imitating- ears; the ruff is of as many colours 

 almost as there are birds who wear it, no two being alike ;t in 

 general barred with black, though it is sometimes white, or of one 

 plain colour; and it may be observed, that of whatever colour the 

 ruff may be, the breast is very little different, and the transverse 

 markings on the upper parts of the plumage correspond ; the ground 

 colour, however, is mostly brown ; the feathers in general barred 

 with black, and many marked with concentric circles of black ; 

 quills dusky ; lower belly, vent, and upper tail coverts, white, the 



* Only to be observed in the breeding season. f The ruff first appears in the 



male, the beginning of May, and falls off by the end of June. 



