408 PELICAN. 



11.— ROUGH-BILLED PELICAN. 



Pelecanus trachyrhynchos, Ind. Orn. ii. 884. Mies. Lev. 211. t. 51. 

 1 erythrorbynchos,* Gm. Lin. i. 571. 



Rough-billed Pelican, Gen. Syn. vi. 586. Fn. Amer. p. 17. Phil. Tr. lxii. 419. 54. 



SIZE between a Goose and a Swan ; length four feet six inches. 

 Bill thirteen inches, shaped as in other Pelicans, with the addition 

 of some singular protuberances on the top of the upper mandible ; 

 from the base of which, for above seven inches, the surface in plain ; 

 at this part an elevated ridge begins, about one inch and a half in 

 height, and one-third of an inch in thickness ; this continues about 

 one inch and a half on the bill, and then other smaller ones take 

 rise, of different sizes, and continue decreasing in size, in an abrupt 

 manner to the end of the bill; the colour of both reddish yellow, 

 here and there inclining to red ; the under mandible and pouch as 

 in other species, but on each side, about the middle of the first, is 

 a black spot, the size of a silver penny ; and the bag is streaked 

 with fine lines of black, which are pretty numerous on the fore part 

 of it, most so next the end of the bill ; the plumage is wholly of a 

 pure white, except the bastard wing and quills, which are black; 

 the shafts of the larger ones white ; at the hind head the feathers are 

 greatly elongated, forming a crest, of four inches and a half in 

 length ; the legs are black. f 



This species, which appears to be distinct, is found in some parts 

 of America. We have only seen three specimens, two of which were 

 brought from Hudson's Bay, and the third from New York ; but 

 Mr. Pennant mentions its having been also sent from South Carolina. 

 The most perfect was in the Leverian Museum ; one, formerly in my 



* It may be here observed, that M. Gmelin has mistaken the English word Rough for 

 the French Rouge, as his specific name means a bird, having a red bill. 

 f In the bird described in the Phil. Trans, they are said to be yellow. 



