28 RUBIACEAE 
2. Galium bifélium S. Wats. Low Mountain Bedstraw. Fig. 4992. 
Galium bifolium S. Wats. Bot. King Expl. 134. pi. 14. 1871. 
the stems erect, simple or with a few ascending branches, 3-15 cm. high, sade, 
sides: va on the angles. Upper leaves 2, Fa pen ong sie lower usually in a whorl of 
linear-lanceolate to oblong- ee Bis ay long, usually of uneven length i me ora 
narrowed at base, acute or ro ; ar Fe owers ‘cetieclints, usually solitary in the axils ; 
ae slender, 3-10 mm. lo bee  yidely Sing or reflexed, usuall curve a at apex in fruit; 
corolla minute, white ; fruit 2.5-3.5 mm. broad, covered with slender hooked prickles 
Open coniferous forests and edges of aneoli Transition and Canadian Zones; sci British Peni eres 
Wikiklsaten. gree mgt cee southward a California in the Coast Ranges to Humbo ldt County, and 
County through the Sierra Nevada to the San Bernardino pei ig and east to Montana and Paisisce. “ 
aon, “Tn the Trinity, “Battle and Dat Humboldt Mountains, Nevada, and in the Wahsatch” Mountains, Utah. 
nc—. 
iat 
3. Galium proliferum A. Gray. Desert Bedstraw. Fig. 4993. 
Galium virgatum var. diffusum A, Gray, Smiths. Contr. 35: 80. 1852. 
Galium proliferum A. Gray, op. cit. 56: 67. 1853. 
Galium proliferum var. subnudum Greenm. Proc. Amer. Acad. 33: 461. 1898. 
Annuals, the stems simple or often branched, erect or somewhat decumbent at base, 1-3. : 
high, sparsely scabrous on the angles or a Cotyledons pe Ra the blade about equaling 
the petiole, persisting; stem-leaves 1-veined, in whorls : 4, hispidulous to coaagr sees to 
narrowly ovate, 4-8 mm. long, short- peice on the lower stem to sessile a A internodes 
c 
sh 
uit; flowers white or pale yellow, about 3 mm. wide; fruit 2.5-3 mm. wide, nes iene the 
covering of fine som el bristles 
bine oo Sipe Sonoran Soe Kingston and Providence Mountains, San Bernardino County, California, 
—_ as n Texas and northern Mexico. Type locale: een Texas. Collected in 1851 by Wright. March— 
pri 
4. Galium parisiénse L. Wall Bedstraw. Fig. 4994. 
Galium Steno Ls So. PT, 108.-1753. 
Galium litigt DC. in Lam. & DC. FI. Franc. ed. 3 4: 263. 1805. 
Ann ae we stems eet or ascending, 0.5-3.5 dm. high, very slender, much bays in 
aise sixes from the base, rough on the angles, the branchlets flowering from 
m 4-7, lin 
e base to 
mit of the. laa. Teives "ikeaty in whorls of 6, varying fro ran near linear: lanceolate, 
often reflexed, 4-10 mm. long, cuspidate, minutely scabrous on “yo ye cymes 
several-flowered, axillary and terminal on filiform peduncles, 44 mm. long, dnvirieately 'spread- 
eM 
ing; ers greenish whe minute ; fruit barely 1 mm. wide, densely sativa with slender hooked 
ristles. 
Hillsides and stream soning Upper eoeeae and Transition Zones; California Coast Ranges from Humboldt 
County to Santa Cruz County mera slope of the Sierra Nevada from Butte County to Tuolumne County, Cali. 
fornia. Native of Europe. June. 
5. Galium divaricatum Lam. Lamarck’s Bedstraw. Fig. 4995. 
Galium divaricatum Lam. Encycl. 2: 580. 1788. 
Koch, S 
poaragte ———— var. aeaeten n. Fl. Germ. ed. 2. — 1843-45. 
arpum Tausch, Bot. Zeit. 18: 354 
Galium jean var. ee Huds. ex Jepson, Man. FL. cong "Calif. 958. 1925, as to California plants, not 
G. anglicum Huds. 
Habit much as the preceding cgi with stems smooth or nearly so. Leaves seeoiy 3 in kph 
of 6, linear, cuspidate, more or less scabrous on the margins, 3-10 mm. long; inflorescence a 
a0 preceding ape cies but the peduncle capillary, aay see nd a Se bot Hi aes 
rolla white or tinged with pink; fruit granulate, devoid of hairs, less than 1 m 
Grassy hill slopes and fields, Upper Sonoran and Transition Zones; Willamette ver ae scat in the 
Coast Ranges to Marin County, Calfocnin: ahs aba Conny. Native of apace: June— 
6. Galium aparine L. Cleavers or Goose Grass. Fig. 4996. 
Galium aparine L. Sp. Pl. 108. 1753. 
Galium vaillantit DC. in Lam. & DC. FI. Franc. ed. 3. ods 1805. 
Galium agreste a echinospermum Wallr. Sched. 59. 1 
Galium aparine B minor Hook. FI. Bor. Amer. 1: 290. ae 
Galium spurium var. echinospermum Hayak, FI. Steierm. 2: "393. 1913. 
Annual, from a slender root, the stems slender, weak, ascending or usually scrambling over 
other bushes, 1-15 dm. high, Stories erect i n dry open places, sipiea ons hispid on the angles. 
Leaves in whorls of 6-8 or rarely 4, linear ‘o narrowly lanceolate or oblanceolate, coumtalaie - 
apex, tapering to the base, 28 ae long, Scihariety hispid on the margins and midrib; flowers 
1-3-flowered cymes in the upper axils, becoming cymose-pan Seiad on welder plants ; scscolle duloes 
saint pentane pedicels oe 873 divarktaiety spreading, 5-20 1 mm. long; fruit 1.5-3.5 mm. broad, 
ered with hooked SS the body of the fruit. 
gre s habita y edges of thi s and open woodland, and of wide distribut 
mon wend Widely distributed in ihe Podae Bestes and across the continent; also Europe and Asia. hee levels - 
= rch—-Aug. Quite variable as to size of fruit and density of the covering of hooked bristles. 
Trizona 
