ze RUBIACEAE 
15. Plantago bigelovii A. eh Annual Coast Plantain. Fig. 4983. 
Plantago bigelovti A. Gray, Pacif. R. Rep. 4: 117. 
Annual, glabrous, sometimes ne on scapes below the spikes, scapes including spikes 
.5-20 cm. high, erect, 1 to many. Leaves erect, linear- lance olate to lin iy area —7 cm 
long, glabrous, the margins ciliate, rarely irregularly dentate; spikes densely flowered, 0.5-5 cm 
long; bracts fleshy, ovate to nearly orbicular, carinate, scarious- Fue ate about "te length o 
the sepals; sepals suborbicular, wit road scarious margi —2 m ong; corolla- as 
spreading to sere deflexed in fruit, about 0.5 mm. long or a little par eee 8 song 
acute; stamens 2; sule jars than the calyx, fe eae pyonecas truncate at a 
long, Prspnsscees foe ty : "Hittle eee the middle; seeds 4-6, only 4, dull black. pee Fae on 
ome pitted, winged at one end or ele so all hens in iecadiorial seeds, ellipsoid or 
oblong, about 1.5m m. long. 
marshes along wk coast and inland alkaline flats, Transition and Sonoran Zones; along the coast from 
British Co ntaiabis to Monterey County, California; also occurring in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Valley, Cali- 
fornia. Type locality: Benicia, Solano County, California. March— —July. 
16. Plantago pusilla Nutt. Slender Plantain. Fig. 4984. 
acco pusilla Nutt. Gen. 1: 100. 1818 
Plantago myosuroides Rydb. Mem. N.Y. Bot. Gard. 1: 369. 1900. 
lender an gon puberulent with i hairs, os filiform, 5-12 cm. high i i 
kes. Leaves narrowly linear, 0.5-2 m wide, enti l-nerved, long- villous 
base; spikes d se flowered, slender, 7c ee ney imperfectly dioecious or po someon us ; oe 
triangular-ovate, 2 mm. long, shorter than the sepals, rious-margined, slightly esied and not 
ccate at vate, 0.5 mm. or less lon 
not connivent in fruit; stamens 2; capsule short-ovoid, equaling or slightly exceeding the calyx, 
circumscissile well below the middle ; seeds 3-4, dark, finely pitted, sometimes winged at one end. 
Moist places, Transition and Sonoran Zones; Nate the alg rh mtiachin in Oregon and Seegpseile and east 
to we York, Virginia, aeons: and Texas. Type locality: ‘‘Ark ”  April-Aug. 
nta: ngata Pursh (Fl. Amer. Sept. 729. 1814), a plant n pentlien United States and Canada, 
may es expected to occur in eastern Washington. sg bracts in this species or as long as A vexialee than the 
sepals and are strongly keeled and subsaccate at base. The spikes are usually loosely flower 
17. Plantago heterophylla Nutt. Alkali Plantain. Fig. 4985. 
raat heterophylla Nutt. Trans. Gok Pini. Soc, 11. 5: 177. 1837. 
o perpusilla Decne. in A, DC. Prod. 131: 697. 1852 
See californica rece ly Bull. wy Abad. 1 i238: 1885: 
apes several to many, slender, arcuate, ascending or spreading, 5-10 cm. long, 
about twice the length of the leaves, sparingly puberulent to glab preading, linear, 
entire or ofte th a few teeth linear lobes; spikes | ly flowered especially at the base, 
g; t ovate to almos icular, broadly scarious-margined, strongly 
carinate, usually a little shorter than the sepals ; sepals broadly oblong, obtuse, a wide scarious 
‘ ng; a-lobes less t m. long, lly spreading in fruit ; stamen 
2; capsul mewhat rou a , abou ic e length of the calyx-lobes, 
: e broadly ovoid, so t nded at apex t twice the leng 
(6)8-14-seeded, circumscissile below but near the middle; seeds blackish, irregularly and coarsely 
— — gled, scarcely concave on the face, occasional seeds slightly winged at ba 
in alkaline soil, Lower Sonoran Zone; Sacramento Valley, California, from Colusa County south in 
the — Sieawn arate to Tulare and Kern Counties and Baap fs Pre the adjacent Latin ane in cismontane 
ee California from Los Angeles County to San Diego Cou also Ari and Sonora eastward to 
brite wn and Florida. Type dir Diag yagi Collected ar sherry * kek yest 
“ plans ae described by Greene as P. californica usually have larger cache and often fewer seeds than 
the canoes plan 
18. Plantago indica L. Sand Plantain. Fig. 4986. 
— indica L. Syst. Nat. ed. 10. 896. 1759. 
Waldst. & Kit. Pl. Rar. Hung. 1:51. p/. 51. 1802. 
Caniegte ogg nt and somewhat glandular annual with simple or much-branched ned 
stems 8-40 cm. high. as aves tn ia lg sometimes with shorter axillary leaves, sessile, hirsute 
hirsute villous, — r linear-lanceolate, 6-8 cm. ie , 2-4 mm. wide; inflorescen nce on exilingt 
peduncles from the jeaf-axils or umbellate at the apex of the — oe hea ds —- or subglobose ; 
cer bracts ovate, abruptly long-acuminate, the upper ovate or oval; calyx-lobes obovate, 
hyaline-margined; corolla- lobes na a —. — shorter eae the whe seeds 2, about 
2.5 mm. long, reddi = brown, concave on the r fac 
Occurring ponte in ee abhi in ~ ree ae Seattle, Washin ati Hood River, Oregon, and 
scattered localities in California. Native of Asia. For complete synonymy see Pflanzenreich 4%: 418-421. 1937. 
Family 143. RUBIACEAE. 
MADDER FAMILY. 
Herbs, shrubs, or trees with simple, opposite or verticillate, stipulate leaves. 
Flowers regular and nearly symmetrical, perfect but often dimorphous. Calyx-tube 
