PLANTAIN FAMILY 17 
pubescent, with br = hyaline, epee Se oh ae rages narrowed to a pect point; flowers per- 
fect; sepals pubescent, 3 mm. long with broad, white, scarious margins ; corolla- lobes earings 
reflexed ; capsule ae the calyx, re pene pga winged all hate or at least to below t 
iddle. 
Sparingly introduced along the coast, Whidby Island, Washington; Linnton (Portland) and_ Port Orford, 
Oregon; —— coast in California from *southern Marin County to Monterey County, and on Santa Catalina 
an s y,a a ug. 
Island, L geles County, also adventive in Solano County. Type locality: Europe. April-A 
nual specimens from Santa Catalina Island, Los Angeles County, are probably Plantago coronopus 
subsp. commutata (Guss.) Pilger, Rep. Spec. Nov. 28: 287 50. P. commutata Guss. Prod. Sic. Suppl. 46. 
i : ‘ ‘ 19 
1832; P. parishii J. F. Macbride, Contr. Gray Herb. No. 56:61. 1918.) This Mediterranean form is character- 
ized by the less acuminate and scarcely spreading bracts subtending the flower and the proportionately stouter 
peduncle. The leaves in Pragati baa plants _ are often entire. A complete list of ph ety of this and the more 
common perennial form o Pflanzenreich 4°: 126-155. 1937. 
2. Plantago major L. Common Plantain. Fig. 4970. 
Plantago ee Sp. Pi. ria. 1753: 
Perennial, glabrous or aailis's more or less sparsely short-pubescent. Leaves usually riage Fe 
Rees ovate, often subcordate, entire or coarse and irregularly : long, 
usually abruptly narrowed below to form a shor ae 2 on the apex of the petiole, this ecad and 
channeled ; scapes more or less curved, often decumbent, 8-40 cm. long including the more or less 
Fai piel sepals broadly ovate; corolla-lobes gre; 1-1.5 mm. long; a ule ovoid, about 
m. long, circumscissile near the middle, 8-18-seeded ; seeds angled, reticula 
able species of worldwide distribution. Occurring as a weed in Pacific States nie wide altitudinal 
ange an di varied habitats. A complete list of ie many eg oe may be found in p aber dss 3 4200 ; 
41 56. 1937, writes by Robert Pilger. Type locality: “tim Eur ad vias.”” May—Nov 
3. Plantago hirtélla var. Saige rap Leaner Pilger. Mexican Plantain. 
Fig. 497 
penaiiaya ee dana in DE. ris 131: 726. 2: 
Planta irginica var a A. Gray, Bot. Calif. 2: 611. 1880 
Planta | Sipe Piles, ‘Notizblatt §: 260, 19 
Plantago durvillei subsp. subnuda Pil r, Pflanzenreich 4280; 234. 1937. 
Plantago hirtella var. galeottiana Pilger, op. cit. 257. 
Perennials with short thick ake clothed with yg i leaf-bases intermingled with long 
villous hairs, the stems erect, arcuate ase, 1.5-4 dm. long, with septate flattened hairs espe- 
cially near the inflorescence. Leaves thin, elliptic to rather br aie obovate, 5-20 cm. 1.5-8 
cm. broad, narrowed below to a broadly winged petiole less than — the length of the leaf- 
blades, the veins 5-7, prominent, margin sparingly denticulate or i ire r less 
pilose especially on the upper surface ; inflorescence polygamous, a9 spikes densely flowered excep 
at base, 5-30 cm. long, ad ; acts slieent a little sho than alyx, carinate, 
ovate, te scarious and f ith rse cilia; sepa tuse, scarious- 
rgined ; corolla-lobes of pistillate flowers inrolled and erect in anthesis ; corolla-l of i- 
nate o rfect flowers spreading, narrowly ate, enti long; stamens white, 4; capsule 
oblong, abo? as long as the calyx ; seeds 3, flattened on one side. 
Moi und, Transition ame Sonoran Zones; in the Pacific States mostly along the coast from Grays above 
County, Weskincta, to San Diego and San Bernardino Counties, California; eastward to Arizona and Mexi 
Type locality: ‘In Mexicanis Cordil. tires Real del Monte 2500 metr. (Galeotti n. 1427).” May—Oct 
4. Plantago macrocarpa Cham. & Sch. Alaska Plantain. Fig. 4972. 
Plantago macrocarpa Cham. & Sch. Linnaea 1: 166. 1826. 
Glabrous Sacra with a stout rt so oh root. pot several . any, pee the ~— 
thin and glabrous, broadly to narrowly lanc 7-20 c ong, wide, acu 
i arrow Pont the mi iddle or era to ae narrow sition. peri ahs or cisauity 
di blade; scapes sath with the spikes uae Sl longer to a little cgay than the 
leaves, glabrous below, rather sparsely puberulent just below and on the spike; spikes ~ sely > 
y flowered; bracts broadly oval, closely enfolding the “capsule 3 mm 
rather dense obtu 
brownish and sparsely puberulent dorsally, the whitish hyaline margin very narrow ; ceaala elliptic, 
pect ate ag dly so, glabrous or sparsely os on t ~ —— eae brown midrib corolla- 
be long, the lobes triangular-ov. 2-2.5 mm. long; stamens much ex : _ 
tu 
ellipsoidal, 68 mm. long, not eels: but iecceiacle hasten: seeds 4, black, 44.5 m 
long. 
T ition and Boreal Zones; known in the Pacific States from the Olympic Penin- 
ei  Cicgun &f (Peck), but ranging from Sitka, Alaska, an -. the Aleutian Islands 
lity: Unalaska, Aleutian Islands. June—Aug 
Edges of swamps, Humid 
sula, Washington, and Lincoln County, 
to Vancouver Island, British Columbia. Type loca 
5. Plantago juncoides Lam. Pacific Seaside Plantain. Fig. 4973. 
Plantage geen Lam. Encycl. 1: 342. 1783 
r. juncoides A. Gray, sais, ed. 2. 268. 1856 
Plastaas maritima pgs ny American authors, not 
Perennial, the stout taproot with a eagle or short-branched crown. Leaves Ringed to linear- 
tek pa slightly i ascending, attenuate at apex, aod cm. long, 2- a bad 
or sparsely denticulate, glabrous or sparsely puberu lent; scapes strongly eeethie s 
to exceeding the leaves ; spikes 4 $7 cm. Fane densely flowered, te flowers perfect ; Stats Sek. 
