BLADDERWORT FAMILY 11 
with a nectariferous spur at base. Stamens 2, borne on the base of the corolla; anther- 
sacs confluent into one. Ovary superior, free from the calyx, 1-celled, with a free, cen- 
tral, subglobose placenta; ovules usually numerous; style very short or wanting ; 
stigma 1—2-lipped. Capsule dehiscent by valves or often bursting irregularly. Seeds 
variously appendaged or sculptured ; embryo in the axis, often imperfectly dev eloped ; 
endosperm none. 
About 5 genera and about 350 species of wide geographical distribution. 
Plant terrestrial; leaves entire, basal; calyx 5-lobed. 1, Pinguicula. 
Plant aquatic; leaves dissected; calyx 2-lobed. 2. Utricularia. 
1. PINGUICULA [Tourn.] L. Sp. Pl. 17. 1753. 
Small, stemless, ae herbs with fibrous roots, growing on damp rocks or in bogs. 
Leaves in a basal rosette, with the upper surface usually very viscid. Scapes naked, 1- 
owered, circi uate. Calyx 2-lipped, the upper lip 3-lobed and ‘the lower 2-lobed. Corolla 
5-lobed, more or less 2-lipped, the upper Tig 2-lobed, the lower 3-lobed, the lobes spreading ; 
base of corolla saccate and contracted i a nectariferous spur. Capsule 2-valved. Seeds 
oblong, reticulate. [Name ae Peiganl <i fat, in reference to the apparent greasi- 
ness of the leav es of some 7 es. | 
About 35 species of wide dis partes in the northern hemisphere and southward along the Andes to Pata- 
gonia, Tene species,  Pingwieala v sioirts i 
1. Pinguicula vulgaris L. Common Butterwort. Fig. 4962. 
Pinguicula sai Sp. Pi..17. 1753. 
s erect, glabrous or nearly so, 4-12 cm. high, only slightly Sn genet in fruit. Leaves 
ovate "> elliptic, ‘obtuse at apex, narrowed at base to a short winged petiole, the margins Sidtaally 
inrolled ; calyx 3-5 mm. long, the lobes obtuse, the two lower more or Vices hes corolla violet- 
purple, is 20 m ek including the subulate spur, | 2-lipped, the upper lip 2- lobed, the lower 3- 
lobed, both cal i grid capsule ovoid, 6-8 mm. long, 5-6 mm. broad. 
Growing o ocks sandy or tins) feslbes' a circumpolar species, extending southward on the 
Pacific ‘Cot t ie ng Gemui —— Washington to the Siskiyou Mountains, Grenee’ and = River, 
olay Se” ba i Golitornia, and across the continent to Minnesota, Michigan, and New York. Type locality: 
4961. eS ee 
4962. Pinguicula vulgar: 
2. UTRICULARIAL. Sp. Pl. 18. 1753. 
Aquatic or bog herbs with horizontal, submerged, branching stems. Leaves alternate, 
sometimes root-like, 2-8-parted at the very base and thus often appearing as if verticillate, 
the divisions dichotomously or pinnately finely dissected, at least some - them bladder-bear 
ing. Bladders with a pair of bristles about the mouth. Flowers in racemes or som otinies 
solitary, the scapes naked or with a few scales basally attached or sonnetimnes replaced by a 
whorl of inflated floats ; pedicels from the axils of bracts, these sometimes auriculate. Calyx 
2-lobed, the lobes concave, persistent. Corolla strongly 2-lipped, the palate at the base of 
the bd lip prominent, often 2-lobed. Anthers not lobed. apsule few- to many-seeded. 
Seeds more or less peltate, flat-topped, and the tee sometimes winged. [Name Latin, 
iiedas a little bag. ] 
