64 DIPSACACEAE 
Family 146. DIPSACACEAE. 
TEASEL FAMILY 
Annual or perennial herbs with opposite or verticillate, exstipulate, simple or pin- 
natifid leaves. Flowers perfect, borne on an elongated or ‘globose receptacle, bracted 
and involucrate. Calyx-tube adnate to the ovary, the limb cup-shaped or disk-shaped, 
or divided into spreading bristles. Corolla epigynous, the limb 4—5-lobed. Stamens 
2-4, inserted on the tube of the corolla and alternate with its lobes; filaments distinct. 
Ovary inferior, 1-celled ; style filiform ; stigma undivided, ter minal or lateral; ovule 
:; eerie Fruit an achene, its apex crowned with the persistent calyx- lobes. 
family of about 10 genera and 180 species, natives of the Old World 
Bracts of the involucre prickly-pointed, some exceeding the heads. 1. Dipsacus. 
Bracts of the involucre herbaceous, shorter than the heads. 2. Scabiosa. 
1. DIPSACUS [Tourn.] L. Sp. Pl. 97. 1753. 
Tall, erect, rough- nay or prickly, biennial or perennial herbs with iat large leaves 
and bluish o r white flowers in dense, more or less elongated heads terminating stout pe- 
uncles. Bice of the he and scales of the receptacle rigid or spiny-pointed. Flow- 
Aeron free from or adnate to the involucre. [Greek name for the teasel 
n Old World genus of about 15 species. Lectotype, Dipsacus fullonum L 
Bracts of the receptacle hooked at apex; flowers white. 1. D. fullonum. 
Bracts of the receptacle straight; i lavender. 2. D. sylvestris. 
1. Dipsacus fullénum L. Fuller’s Teasel. Fig. 5066. 
Dipsacus fullonum L. — P1::97, oe 
Dipsacus fullonum B sativus L. loc 
Dipsacus fullonum of saat 1762; os ller, 1768. 
Dipsacus sativus Honck. Vollst. Syst. Verz. 16. 1782. 
Stout biennial, 1 m r more high, with scattered short prickles on the stems, midribs of the 
the 
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foliaceous bracts of the involucre apreane or reflexed, some shorter than the rae heads ovoid 
becoming cylindric, 6-10 cm. long; bracts of the receptacle with hooked tips, about equaling the 
flowers ; corolla white or tinged with reste 8-12 mm. long; achenes 6- 8 mm. long, strongly 
4-an ngled. 
Waste places especially in low damp ground; frequent in central and southern California. Native of Europe. 
March—Oct. 
2. Dipsacus sylvéstris Huds. Wild Teasel. Fig. 5067. 
Dipsacus sylvestris Huds. Fl. Anglica 49. 1762. 
Stout biennial, 1-2 m. high, with 5 ea short prickles on the stems especially below the 
inflorescence, ga ‘midrib of tee a es and t phage ate stg 2 Lceantacion or nearly so. L 
leaves obtuse, c enate or sometimes ‘pnnatifd, often 2-3 dm. long; upper stem-leaves sessile or 
= 
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5 
the uppermost slightly Fes sad acu at apex, and usually entire; foliaceous bracts of the 
involucre as long as the hea a oct, he ar and curved upward; bracts of the receptacle ovate, 
tip by a long, seat subilat, fo — d awn usually exceeding the flowers; corolla lavender, 
9-12 m er ong; e 6-8 angled. 
Ss places, common in Was “wh ngton and Oregon and occurring in northwestern ee as far south as 
San Francisco County; also eastern United States. Native of the Old World. June—Sep' 
2. SCABIOSA [Tourn.] L. Sp. Pl. 98. 1753. 
Glabrous or pubescent herbs with leaves opposite and no prickles. Bracts of the in- 
volucre herbaceous, distinct or slightly united at the base. Receptacle pubescent, without 
scales. Involucels compressed, their margins often minutely 4toothed. Calyx-limb 5-10- 
awned. Corolla-limb 4-5-cleft, oblique or 2-lipped. Stamens 4 or rarely 2. Stigma oblique 
or lateral. SL otere more or less — to the involucel, crowned with the persistent calyx- 
limb. [N atin, meaning scale, being a reputed remedy £ for scaly eruptions. | 
An Old oo genus of about 75 species. Lectotype, Scabiosa columbaria 
1. Scabiosa atropurputrea L. Mourning Bride. Fig. 5068. 
Scabiosa atropurpurea L. Sp. Pl. 100. 1753. 
Stems branching, 6-10 dm. high, glabrous or sparsely and retrorsely hispidulous. Lowest 
