70 CUCURBITACEAE 
4. Marah macrocarpus (Greene) Greene. Chilicothe. Fig. 5076. 
Echinocystis macrocarpa Greene, Bull. Calif. Acad. 1: 188. 1885. 
Micrampelis leptocarpa Greene, Pittonia 2: 282. 1892. 
arah macrocarpa Greene, cartes Bot. Obs. 2: 36. 1910. 
Stems reaching a few meters in length, oe ois ae or cane is scaberulous or the ne 
growth een with septate hairs and becoming glabra Leaves broader ee long, 5- O(11) 
cm. broad, the sinus obtuse, raharanty open, oats 5-7 (8)- pene Fay the middle or below, rounded 
between. ae Thee these 7-15 m road, broadly acute or obtuse or bn round t the 
pex and usually Se ninaicae, ‘oe margins entire or shallowly lobed or toothed; staminate 
inflorescence with big wers more or less get arranged, pubescent, paniculate or subpaniculate 
e e br i rs white, 7-13 
and 
edicel 1-2 cm. long ; fruit ayn cm fae ovoid or eats deciely echinate with: cae dl broadened 
spines of different lengths, so ong, vestiges of = ubescence remain n body 
of fruit and bases of spines; oe B44) ae 13-20 mm. long, 8-10 mm. wie: 
Hillsides and canyons, mainly Upper Sonoran Zone; - rom Santa Barbara County south to San Diego County, 
California, and Lower California, including the islands off the coast, where it occurs with M., cong ies east- 
ward to the desert slopes of the mo Arte Ng of southern California. Type locality: Cuacamonga, San Bernardino 
ee California fn —April. 
ens from the sine off Los Angeles and San Diego Counties appear M. rocarpus var. 
‘aie Pain Boeken. Madrono st 134. 1955 (M. micranthus Dunn, Kew Bull. 1913: 80. 1913), y species with 
small flowers and seeds 10-13 mm. long, originally described from Cedros Island, Lower California. 
5. Marah eee (S. Wats.) Greene. Island Man-root. Fig. 5077. 
+ Catalans ererers tert S. Wat c. Amer. Acad. 11: 115, 138. 1876. 
‘ah Greene, Leas eek. Obs. 2: 36. 1910. 
Marah major ene Kew Bull. e2.451, “19135, 
Marah macrocarpus var. major ee. Madrofio 13: 134. 1955. 
Stems striate, glabrous or nearly so, reaching several meters in length. Leaves orbicular in 
th 
outline, more or less scaberulous above, the new growth spar. sely pubescent and becoming glabrate, 
12-32 cm. broad, ie see obtuse or rounded, Bae y chesed | in the larger leaves, mostly 5-lobed 
bov b 
(occasionally 3- or 7-) to above or nea middle, the lobes broadly tria neuer, mucronulate, 
he margins usually triangular-toothed, oe sinuate-lobed, more ra nad ire; staminate 
inflorescence loosely flowered, pubescent, often becoming glabrate, racem S iteutate 2 
cm. long, often sede late in the season; staminate flowers white, p ie tank wie out, 18-30 mm. 
wide, the lobes y or narrowly pe arom the pedicels 10-20 mm. long; pistilla te flowers 
white, equaling ie | staminate in size, pubescent without, ovary and beak p ubescent ; fruit ovoid, 
5-7 cm. long, echinate with stout spines of eatin g len gths, the longest ant 1.5 cm. in length, 
the ‘idky of the fruit and spines for the most part pubescent ; seeds 2-4, oval and somewhat com- 
pressed, 28-34 mm. lon i 
M rc and ¢ s, Upper Sonoran Zone; islands off the coast of southern California from Santa 
Barbara County uth to "Guadalupe Island, Lower California; more abundant on Santa Catalina, San Clemente, 
and San Nicolas Islands. Type locality: Gu ada lupe Island. Fe b.—Au: 
6. Marah inérmis 1 oie Dunn. Foothill Man-root. Fig. 5078. 
Echinocystis inermis Congdon, Zoe 5: 134 
Echinocystis scabrida Eastw. Bull. Torrey cb 20: 500. 1903. 
Marah inermis Dunn, Kew Bull. 1913: 
Echinocystis fabacea var. inermis pai _ sk 2: 554. 1936. 
Stems striate, glabrous, long, and branching, young growth beset with soft septate hairs which 
persist to some extent about the inflorescence and fruit. Leaves glabrous or scaberulous, 5- 10(13) 
cm. broa width greater than the length, 5-7-lobed to about the kai the inc pair of 
lobes = deeply 5 cated the angle between the lobes typically narrow, the margin of the lobes 
racemose on shorter infloresc s, 11-35-flowered ; staminate flowers bright white, 1-1.5(2) cm. 
broad, the br sin ‘eee elis, lobes ee than the shallow, gprs gis tube, rotately 
spreading and plane, papillose on the inner surfaces; pistillate flowers similar what larger, 
the pedicel 1-3 cm. long; ovary globose, beak abru ne og attenuate, the young prickles po the beak 
with soft hairs; naxtuce fruit globose, 2-4-seeded but mostly 4, a short, cone-shape ak go 
times evident in the growing fruit, 2.5-4 cm. broad, covered with acicular prickles 5-9 mm. lon 
these ge AB, glabrate in age; seeds about 1.5 cm. long, oblong-ovoid, scarcely compressed. 
Climbing on shrubs or often prostrate on grassy slopes and in fields, Upper and Lower Sonoran Zones; lower 
foothills of the ne pen Nevada from Butte counts south to Kern County and the Inner Coast Ranges from Yolo 
County to Kern County, California. Type locality: Sherlocks, along the canyon of the Merced River, Mariposa 
neg? — Ma: 
M. fabaceus var. agrestis (Greene) Stocki and the f of the two scarcely distinguishable. 
ranges eo the two forms overlap. The white flowers ete usually se deeply lobed tanec jeaeniahe! it from 
M. fabaceus var. hg ager and t ar ° - the fruit as well as the white flowers and more deeply lobed leaves 
distinguish it from M. fabaceus var. fabac 
