72 CAMPANULACEAE 
4. BRANDEGEA Cogn. Proc. Calif. Acad. II. 3: 58. 1890. 
Perennial monoecious vines with simple tendrils. Leaves 3-5-parted or -angled. Stami- 
nate flowers in racemes ; pistillate flowers solitary, often axillary to the staminate racemes. 
Style short; stigma hemis . Fruit asymmetrical, long-beaked, tardily and irregu- 
larly dehiscent, l-seeded. Seed irregularly obovate, warty or echinate. [Named in honor 
of T. S. paisa a pioneer western botanist. | 
A Pp of the Sonoran Desert region. Type species, Elaterium bigelovit S. Wats. 
1. Brandegea bigelovii (S. Wats.) Cogn. Brandegea. Fig. 5080. 
Elaterium Rap ovit S. Wats. Proc. Amer. Acad. 12: 252. 1877. 
Echinocystis parviflora S. Wats. op. cit. 17: 373. 1882 
Cyclant sie ra monosperma Brandg. Proc. i Acad. Ul. 2: 159. 1889, 
Brandegea bigelovii Cogn. op. cit. 3: 58 
Brandeg p Cogn. op. cit. ty 
Slender- inieania perennial vines of dense growth from large thick roots. Leaves Bae 
hastate to quadrate in outline with deep narrow sinus, 3-5-cleft or merely angled, 1-5.5 cm. lon 
the _ er — si _— er, sharply triangular-acute, smaller leaves often cleft nearly to the Me 
with n linear-acute divis wns the upper surface pair sly pustulate; petioles shorter 
than tbe leaves pistillate and staminate flowers similar, minute, whitish, rotate and deeply lobed, 
about 1.5 mm. br. oad ; fruit straw- ser 2m sg to ahr a a — Doe of fruit more 
or Cs wohinate about equaling the beak in benetii: ‘seeds about 5m 
Sandy arroyos and canyons, Lower pSniamist Zone; Colorado Desert, i am to the western parts . 
ee ead py and Yuma Soe, Arizona, south to Lower California and Sonora. Type locality: ‘‘the Low 
Colorado Valley.””, March—Apr 
Family 148. CAMPANULACEAE. 
BLUEBELL FAMILY. 
Herbs, shrubs, or trees with alternate, simple (rarely pinnatisect), exstipulate 
leaves. Flowers perfect, epigynous. Calyx 5-parted. Seay gamopetalous, regular, 
or zygomorphic. Stamens free or united. Style 1. y 2-10-celled, rarely 1-celled, 
the — on axile placentae. Fruit a capsule or ene a eiees seeds numerous ; em- 
bryo stra 
A ae a about 60 genera and 1,600 species, widely distributed in subtropical and temperate regions. 
Corolla regular; — on Giampente: free. Subfamily 1. CAMPANULOIDEAE. 
Corolla irregular; an united into a tube (anthers free in Nemacladus and Parishella). 
Subfamily 2. LOBELIOIDEAE. 
Subfamily 1. CAMPANULOIDEAE. 
BELLFLOWER SUBFAMILY. 
Ours herbs, with acrid or milky juice. Flowers racemose, spicate, paniculate, or 
solitary, perfect. Calyx-tube adnate to the ovary, its “ae mostly 5-lobed or 5-parted, 
the lobes equal or slightly unequal, valvate or imbricat e bud, commonly persist- 
ent. Corolla gamopetalous, regular, usually 5-lobed or aca. blue or white, inserted 
on the calyx-tube where that becomes free from the ovary. Stamens 5, inserted with 
the corolla, alternate with the corolla-lobes; anthers 2-celled, introrse, separate. 
Ovary usually 2—5-celled. Style 1; stigmas ae usually distinct. Fruit ac capsule or 
berry, usually opening by clefts or pores; seeds minute and numerous. 
Cap t by small valves or circular perforations below the calyx-lobes. 
Plants Deon Lag Pacific States) perennial (except C. exigua and C. angustiflora); earliest flowers not cleistoga- 
Coratia. corm Phil lobed above or to the middle, rarely a little below, the lobes triangular to oblong- 
lan 1. Campanula. 
Corolla ten vided, the lobes teal er 3. Asyneuma. 
Plants annual; st flowers on the lo t lei 
Capsule ae to narrowly cabinate jeaeieaner divided pene: the meine: 2. Triodanus. 
ssa ase iach nd broad, nearl 4. Heterocodon. 
Capsul pex of the calyx-limb within ‘ie lobes. 5. Githopsis 
1. CAMPANULA [Tourn.] L. Sp. Pl. 163. 1753. 
Perennial or annual herbs with alternate or basal leaves. Flowers large or small, soli- 
tary, racemose or paniculate, regular, blue, violet or white. Calyx-tube adnate to the ovary, 
