78 CAMPANULACEAE 
A genus of 8 species, i of Europe, the Mediterranean region, and North and South America. Type 
species: Campanula perfoliata L. 
Leaves sessile, not cordate-clasping; pores near the top of the capsule. 1. T. biflor 
Leaves mostly cordate-clasping; pores near the middle of the capsule. 2. aE, 
1. Triodanus biflora (Ruiz & Pav.) Greene. Small Venus’ Looking-glass. 
Fig. 5091. 
Campanula biflora Ruiz & Pav. Fl. Peruv. 2: 55. pl. 200. 1799. 
Specularia biflora Fisch. & Mey. Ind. Sem. Hort. Petrop. 1: 17. 1835. 
Dycmicodon californicum Nutt. hs Amer. Phil. Soc. II. 8: 256. 1843. 
Dycmicodon ovatum tt. loc 
Triodanus biflora Greene, Mite n. eee Reg. 230. (Feb.) 1894. 
Legouzia biflora Britt. Mem. Torrey Club 5: 309. (Oct.) 1894. 
Plants scabrous on the eine Knee glabrous or beseey 38 so par as stems simple or 
branched, ale der and often weak, 1.5-6 dm. high. Leaves ovate to oblo ong or the uppermost 
Beeeciate, sessile, 6-20 mm. ty entire, or te ae crenate- serrate with yes lo cae ie af 
teeth; earlie r flowers with 3-4 ov ate to lanceolate calyx-lobes, the ones with 
fnccolae e-subulate calyx -lobes ; capsule 6-10 mm. long, " Ditone Sdn "bpenida by Ride ose 
under th 1 
Dry soils, mostly in disturbed places, Transition and Sonoran Zones; southwestern Oregon southward < 
Lower Californ nia and eastward across the southern United States to Virginia and Florida; also Mexico and Sou 
America. Type locality: Peru. April—July. 
2. Triodanus perfoliata (L.) Nieuwl. Venus’ Looking-glass. Fig. 5092. 
Campenni es DL. Sp.P1. 169. 3. 
DC; One: oa ~~ 1830. 
Trisdawns rupestris “3 New FI. 4 
Legouzta perfoliata Britt. Mem. Torrey ees 309. 1894. 
ehuae perfoliata Ni euwl, Am idl. Nat. 3: 192. 1914. 
Ste imple or bra a ai rather stiffly erect or sometimes decumbent at base and more or 
less spreading, hi Pic danetiatly on the angles with * reading, bristle-like hairs of uneven length, 
L, o suborbi s rd 
y cordate-clasping 
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imes entire, short-hispid on the veins and margins; fl 3 in xils, sessile; upper flowers 
(the later ones) with 5 (rarely 4) rigid, elastance eolate, acuminate calyx-lobes and a rotate, 
lue or ite c gs d, arlier flow all ith 3-4 shorter calyx-lobes 
exceeding the rudimentary corolla ; capsule oblong to narrowly turbinate, 4-6 mm. long, tardily 
opening near the middle; eee lentic ular 
9 opas and rocky ban Transition iid Upper Sonoran Zones; British Columbia southward ica 
Washin hatch d Oregon to pede ne fia: mboldt Chahibes: northwestern California; eastward across the c 
tinent. Type secehiies Virginia. April-Jul 
Be erin Ces Griseb. & Schenk in Wiegm. Archiv Naturgesch. 18°: 335. 1852. 
ennial or sometimes biennial herbs. Inflorescence an interrupted panicle or some- 
rotate-spreading to reflexed. Style pilose, the stigma trifid. Capsule 3-celled, dehiscing 
by pores which are near the apex, the base, or at the middle of the capsule wall. [Name 
ee ra a Greek, the application obscure. | 
t 40 species, mostly natives of southeastern Europe and Asia Minor but occurring also in 
snes per ea ng Pacific States. Type species, Asyneuma canescens Griseb. and Schenk. 
i, —— prenanthoides (Durand) McVaugh. California Harebell. Fig. 5093. 
Campanula prenanthoides Durand, Journ. Acad. foo II. 3: 93. 1855. 
a Campana filiflora Kell. Proc. Calif. Acad. 2: fe 
mpeewie pores Repet, pen aE 21239. 18 
McVaugh, Dalionia a 23: 36. 1945. 
ae are | from creeping r ocks, 2-8 dm. high, erect or sometimes decumbent in shade 
forms, simple or much hee pores longitudinally ribbed or angled, glabrate above, rather sparingly 
Pa tig with aves som pie se sei bende oe ee 2 2 be dt -petioled, ovate- 
lance: boat i nce a og 5 eate ase, 1-4 cm. long, 
sharply ait ee ea ota serrate, Saar hispiculons pte, * cadaciate on tte veins and margins ; 
flowers in small clusters forming an interrupted, terminal, racemose panicle or simple, few -flowered 
r , the lower subtended b all ems the upper by small acuminate bracts yx cam- 
panulate, the re subulate, as long as or long an the tube; corolla bright blue, 10-12 mm 
1 r, two to three times as long as the tube; styl ex : rved; 
on, e nea ‘ 
capsule NenGaiheric to short-oblong, subcordate at base and thin-walled between the nerves. 
Pee woods, Transition Zones; British Columbia south, mostly west of the Cascade Mountains, to Tulare 
County in the Sierra Nevada and to Monterey County in the Coast ges, California. Type locality : Nevada 
County, California. June—Aug. 
