SUNFLOWER FAMILY » 
Receptacular bracts mostly in 1 or 2 series, variously modified. Subtribe MADI- 
INEAE, Tribe 1. HELIANTHEAE (genera 26-35, p. 154). 
re. naked (shallowly or deeply pitted), sometimes inconspicu Bris short- fimbrillate or short- 
airy (densely short-hairy in 38, Whitneya; with long setae in 46, Gailla rdia).* 
Stlebranches —— and clavate (ex Tri enlalaiicee with style-branches short ~ 
what flattened); heads riseme on ilcauing discoid; corollas white or pink. Tribe 
UPATOR IEAE i ed p. 496). 
Style-branches not subterete nor clav s heterogamous, discoid ot radiate; disk-corollas 
ommonly yellow, the rays when ‘present yellow, purple, blue or white. 
i : ious margin (concealed by wool in some 
ae; scarious margin not conspicuous in 103, Soliva). 
Pappus_a short crown or ———— - none; ane nee or eradiate. Tribe 4. AN- 
THEMIDEAE, in part (ge a 98-105, 
gate of capillary bristles; ard ts hl seat feet Inula). Tribe 7. INULEAE, 
part (genera 120-124, p. 465). 
rene attics or firm (sometimes partially cartilagenous), the scarious margins 
er peer or lacking (scarious margin conspicuous and colored in 63, Blen- 
ce Poon 
Phyllaries few- t to many- Paahved and well ee 2 (except t 80, Bellis; 82, Monoptilon ; 
91, Erigeron; 93, Conyza; 94, Bacc style-branches ( rfect flowers) 
flattened, the stigmatic ar conspicuous, pha” usually =i a hairy appendage 
abrous on the inner face. Tribe 3. ASTEREAE (genera 68-94, pp. 253- 284). 
ple. mostly in 1 oh : series, sometimes more, little or aid ‘at all imbricate NS icacm 
V enegasia ; Ss wand 118, Lepidospartum), subequal (short calyculate 
a llaries tn 
Pa me of usually copious  casitiiee bristles (epappose in po mattecsien Fd 
ra ose in 109, on illardella; pappus scanty 9 some s| of 108, Arnica); 
pote branches (perfect flowers) Geumedea. and penici late at apex test. 
a? pnts in 111, Crocidium). Tribe 5. SENECIONEAE (genera 106-— 
118 
ith bse ke, ‘eetolty., paleaceous or none; style-branches (perfect flowers) 
Disk- adc perfect and fertile (sterile in 38, Whitneya; 63, Blennosperma) ; 
gorhess sagittate; achenes various. Tribe 2. HELENIEAE (genera 
36-67, pp. 193-194). 
Disk- eae sterile; anthers squdate rare ruderal with curved warty achenes. 
Tribe 6. CALENDULEAE (genus 119, Calendula, p. 464), 
Corollas of the heads all with 5-toothed ligules and perfect; herbage with latex. Tribe 12. CICHORIEAE (gen- 
era 150-176, pp. 551-552). 
Tribe 1. HELIANTHEAE 
1 1 
Receptacular bracts folded about th 1 gly concave. 
appus various or lacking, never plumose. 
Inner phyllaries plane or nearly so, never completely enclosing the ray- ~achene; coarse herbs or shrubs. 
Achenes sharply or obscurely angled or ate: aa not noticeably margined. 
Shrubs vi decree shrubby-based p 
Heads rayed; leaves opposite at pose below; deserts and coastal San Diego County. 
3. Viguiera. 
Heads eee leaves alternate; California Inner Coast Ranges. 16. Eastwoodia. 
Annual or perennial herbs. 
pay 7a bed ng, ££ By p . pee +h 1. : | 1 - + San Ber- 
iin, wil Coun . Sanvitalia. 
Rays if sthigears £3 rs ¢ em. long, deciduous or withering; coarse annuals or peremits 
Plants scapose or subscapose from a heavy a aromatic root. . Balsamorhiza. 
toa evidently leafy- eel, the basal leaves of some species conspicuous and longer 
than the stem-lea 
Disk flat or Me 
Pappus- plene persistent: ray- owes ee. 1. Wyethia. 
Pappus-palea } Tay-flow 4. Helianthus. 
isk conic, 2-6 cm ‘a gh (low-conic in R. hirta). 5. Rudbeckia. 
Achenes flat (rather plump but thin-margined in Helianthella castanea) with a white wing or margin, 
wets 7. Enceliopsis. 
Scapose perennial herbs; me very larg 
i stem rubs; hea yw Ag mediu 
on sistent, the stem- eaves nies *pappus of 2 persistent awns and also 
— poms ex man, pers in in ore ornica 6. Helianthella. 
Basal leaves not seh = persistent; pappus vari 
y long-ciliate on the margins sa thes conspicuous in rg ses oe 
w ewe = 
41Cne 
Shrubs. - ne ena 
ala or short- live penenal Ss. 
i ea ee i ly winged. _ Peckccas 
+ ages So Ni Socinge th achenes; inteoduced Stans in southern California. 
4nner pu} 3 ees, ba ey 
a ite elampodium. 
Pappus of 15-20 plumose bristles; intricately branched desert shrub, Bebbie. 
t or bristle-like. : 5 as 
Receptacla ae 3 distinct alike 6 series; rays yellow, usually conspicuous (lacking or whitish in B. frondosa 
and B. pilo. 
‘appus of er viel hispid a eg a ; 
Pappus various or lacking, jon ‘a retrorsely hispid awns. . Coreopsis. 
i series essentially alike; rays kish, inconspicuous. 
oe = mp } wae t seas pr essenitially 80. 11. Eclipta. 
a.  aiacaee Gauaataiay aid , ith ieee 
tallidai Viatto he paicac. 
14. Galinsoga. 
* A few longer setae or bracts sometimes present in some spp. of Chaenactis and Eriophyllum. 
