SUNFLOWER FAMILY 311 
so. Lowest st ye to a petiole, early deciduous, the stem-leaves 4~8 cm. long, oblanceolate, 
usually sharply above, narrowe ow, midvein prominent, scabrous above, somewhat 
glandular es te : Sires usually nay Awe paniculate, the 
heads in close, ’s oS ncled clusters on ; involucres 7-8 m igh, more or less 
— midrib of the es slightly ke eele " my gre en tips he habeas usually loose and 
preading ; rays 4~7, "eee y 5, 4-7 mm. long, coe th the pappus ; achenes about 2.5 mm. long, 
Nenest Pk ea sed-hai 
In woodlands, ssiais: ‘kad Arid Transition Zones; western Washington through western Oregon to north- 
western ‘California as far south as Humboldt County. Type locality: near Fort Vancouver, Washington. Col- 
lec nee Nutta uly~Sept. 
ricocarpus oregonensis rg califérnicus (Durand) Ferris, mrieenk Dudley Herb. 5: 100. 1958, (Serico- 
carbus peer se wire Jou yr a II 3: 90. 1855; S. rigidus var. californicus Blake, Proc. Amer. 
Aca Habit. * ¥" eceding subspecies but sea more or less densely hirsute or pilose 
wi Sai oh an Pesci -celled hairs; acees bee large, Pi to 9 cm. long and 1.5 cm. wide, and somewhat wavy- 
rah oa Sierra Nevada of California from Pluma ounty to Tulare County. Type locality : Nevada City, 
aliforni 
87. ASTER L. Sp. Pl. 872. 1753. 
Ours perennial herbs, more rarely annuals, biennials, or plants basally suffrutescent, 
the stems arising from a creeping rhizome, or a more or less horizontal woody caudex with 
a Ww | 
sometimes white or purplish. Achenes hairy or glabrous, the pappus of subequal, capillary, 
oe bristles, sometimes with a few bites bristles. [Name Greek, meaning star, because 
of the star-like heads of flowers 
A genus of 250 or more species, of ona wide distribution in temperate regions. Type species, Aster amelius 
L. (lectoty 
o> a ie complete synonymy is not given; only those names applied to Pacific States entities are listed. 
Plants perennial. 
St 
s monocephalous, subscapose, a short caudex terminating a wee, ag root; alpine or 
subareiine plants with basal tufts ot if grese like leaves. . OREOSTEMMA, 
Stems usually with s sae to man uf ne , not arising from a deep conical root. 
Heads solitary at tips of s epee nches; low-tufted plants with narrow, a. Benoa cuspidate 
leaves; ones soubie the ont brite shorter than the in NTHE, 
Heads several or numerous, if ra spice not with teaves as S ihcies pappus pond in a single row. 
Plant t wont toward bas aa ucous and glabrous, paniculately mach branched, with discoid ine 
else herbaceous, glabrous, Grate temmed, often spiny, and ap Bs esi a a, 
naked, 
Plants otherwise. 
Phyllaries oblong to ovate, rarely 1 nee-linear, chartaceous with Bcd scarious margin and 
often herbaceous tip, more or teas keeled by the strong midne = apy Nee 
Phyllaries Poin inear (varying to ppt Ad = ee below and i eo or 
the outer herbaceous anbipe Se withou ong midne 
Bias, pes! leaves a often toothed or loon Sar and ait at all oe omits sessile, 
grass-like lea 
Plants (in ours) wit th sessile, grass-like leaves at base and above, glabrous cnlaek for the 
glandular inflorescence VI. OrtTHOMERIS. 
Plants annual. 
Phutt ry 4. 
tly graduate; rays in one series, evident d r ing the pappus. 
VIT. Oxytrirotivum. 
Phyllaries subequal or slightly graduate; rays if present in more than one series, very inconspicuous and 
equa! 
aling or shorter than the mature pappus. "VIII. Conyzopsis. 
- naar gouge 
. : a Pee | 3 Aunt 
Involucre (at least on the margins of phyllaries) and usuall zg 
Le apres lancemate to chownte; heads menetly. few, comparatively jarge. 
din: Be 
“ovate, eat clasping; pterie ies graduate, the 
Leaves sharply serrate, - mostly lance- ly ; oe on 
Leaves entire, at least the lower obovate, with cons spicuously sping. a phyllaries but little 
gra ad ante, the indurate base shorter than the cuplreasone tip a 
: pra 
Leaves thin 
Leaves linear or Hise naiestite, 6 mm. wide or less; heads small, numerous. is aa delet 
T LK 2 3.4. ee | dela: 
nat eg seam with purple tips or margins, oblong to fapecolats, usually strongly graduate; leaves obovate 
to elli iptic -oblon; g, firm, usu ually rough beneath or on nasi ides 
n a nearly caked ~— or cymose panicle. 
. A. radulinus. 
Leaves sharpl y" 
Leaves entire to obtusely serrate; heads 1 to few, in axils of leafy ee 
. sibericus meri: 
Phyllaries not purple-tipped nor margined (except in pfaludicola and some ‘forass of porkesitatag ‘weilatle in 
shape; leaves not rough beneath (except A. greatet at). 
Heads Iam 4 numerous, in an open, near] arger leaves 2-4 cm. wide. 
very pale green; 5: lens more cise essentially glabrous. 
. A. laevis geyeri. 
