424 COMPOSITAE 
subhemispheric ; involucre mostly 10-18 mm. high, more or less glandular and sometimes with a 
te Bear at achenes generally Feu: 2 least toward the base, often glandular and/or shortly 
y above; pappus white, barbel 
the oist woods, meadows, and sg open the seldom at very high elevations, mostly 
pac een ae Hudson nian Zones; Alaska Be opoting to Seveariigg Utah, and northern California (southward 
occasionally to Eldorado County). Type locality: island of Sitka. Jur e-Aug. 
a. ietifolia var. gracilis (Rydb.) Cronquist, Vasc. Pl. Pacif. Northw. 5:51. 1955. (Arnica gracilis 
Rydb. Bull. Ltd oo 24: 297. 1897; A. betonicacfolia Greene, eran ha 163" 1900; A. betonicacfoha var. 
gracilis M. E. Bull. Univ. Mont. Biol. Ser. 15: 48. 1910.) —— yee plants (ie 3d tall) with sev- 
eral slender dg a ising from the een which is commonly shorten d into oosely arias wi scaly caudex. 
Leaves seldom over 2.5 cm. wide; heads mos sph 3—9 (occasionally soutaee: mateo small, the involucre ts 
m. high. Rocky places at moderate or usually high elevations in the mountains; Alberta and British Colum 
ee asrogton. ig sa resend central Idaho, northern Utah, and Colorado. Type locality: Spanish Sieg 
a 
11. Arnica cérnua Howell. Serpentine Arnica. Fig. 5729. 
nica cernua Howell, Fl. N.W. Aimer. ie 1900. 
ie chandleri Rydb. N. Amer. Fl. 34: 339. 1927. 
pete) from elongate, nearly naked rhizomes; stems solitary or few together, 1-3 dm. tall. 
Broad e or less ovate-cordate), long-petiolate, basal leaves sometimes produced on separ oe 
short eee cauline leaves mostly pairs, glabrous or scabrous-puberulent, mostly petiolate 
and lance-ovate to obovate or even subcordate, the lower ecsanilty the larger, up to about 5 cm. 
n c 
sc argined ; achenes 
evidently hir bite above, glabrous below; p appus pie. with 7s ay eral etna of the bristles better 
developed than in A. latifolia and os cordi ifolta, less developed n A. mollis and A. amplexicaulis. 
Serpentine slopes, Arid Transition Zone; pares County, Sinan! 4 wee in pe kiyou, Humboldt, and Del 
Norte Counties, California. Type locality: near Waldo, Josephine County, Oregon. Apa May (June). 
= Arnica tomentélla Greene. Recondite Arnica. Fig. 5730. 
Arnica t t G , Pittonia 4: 155. 1900. 
rennial ws well- igi d, long, nearly naked rhizomes ; stems solitary, 2-5 d all, 
elandular and hai eaves apparently Be caine: mostly 3-4 pairs, thinly Cnehii. Riansene 
the ogee developed ones petiolate, with ovate to ovate- cae toothed or sometimes cell blade 
about 2.5-7 cm. long; heads (3)5-7, cam panate-h emispheric ; involucre mostly 10-13 m m. high, 
ue bracis scoais or obtuse, fen. papers ent and ciliat e, and bearing a tuft of longer hairs 
rnally near the e tigte ays 12-20 mm. long; pene s short- bed throughout, and very sparsely 
stipitate-eandular pappus white to stramineous, Sunk ly ba bel llate or shortly subplumose. 
Open slopes or open doing bel mberline in the mountains, Canadian Zone; Josephine County, Oregon, 
oe adjace oe gece Coun at feria: reappearing in ~ Sierra Mevada Sons the! Srrickes River 
Tulare County, California. ge gy tl Middle Tule River, California, 
folk ——— referred to A. tomentella seem to combine the ieatares of A. cordifolia and A. chamissonis subsp. 
ones 
13. Arnica nevadénsis A. Gray. Sierra Arnica. Fig. 5731. 
4rni. densis A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. 19: 55. 1883. 
Perennial — long, nearly naked rhizomes, these often apically branched and more scaly ; 
r few loosely clustered together, 1-3 dm. tall; herbage more or less strongly 
r e 
ober 3-8 cm. lon wide. ope or occasionally denticulate; long-petiolate basal 
oe, similar to igi oe the kag part of the stem, often produced on separate short shoots ; heads 
1-3, broadly turbinate to c mpanu ulate ; etabon mostly 10-18 mm. high, the bracts more or less 
sharply acute, densely short stipitate-glandular, and sometimes with some longer hairs below ani 
these less conspicuous than in A. cordifolia: rays 6 about 12- reap r 25 mm. long; achenes mostly un 
form es glandular or chore or both; pus white stramineous, strongly barbellate a 
shortly subplumose, the lateral setae of the ‘bristles better developed than in A. cordifolia and 
A. Tattolte ang: developed than in 4. anoilis and A. ample-ricaulis, 
Open rocky slopes at high a Bits in the mountains, Canadian and ads sonian Zones; petonss in the 
Sierra iene of California and adjacent Nevada, northward les: — nly to the Cascade og Olympic Moun- 
tains of Washington, Type bog ity: Lassen Peak, Californ Tal 
In the aforestated area A. nevadensis appears to be al characterized and readily ls from et mest 
relative A. cordifolia. In the Rocky Mountains and Great Basin, how ye — alp see extreme . _ rs 
folia var. pumila ( Rydb.) Maguire are barely if at all to be distin valid; m Sie ke nevadensis, ‘fro om 
— se nbd chiefly in distribution and in the slightly shorter barbels of ee Fete bilities. these pla 
t the closest approach of A. cordifolia to A. nevadensis, have been treated as A. cordifoha ne 
dost Pe (Rydh, Maguire 
14. Arnica cordifélia asta Heart-leaved Arnica. Fig. 5732. 
Arnica cordifolia Hook. Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 331. 
mer. Phil, te < 7: 408. 1841. 
Arnica austiniae Rydb. N, Nader. Fl. 34: 340. 1927. 
Arnica cordifolia var. macrophylla Maguire, Amer. Midl. Nat. 37: 137. 1947, 
Perennial from long, nearly naked rhizomes, these often apically branched and more scaly; 
stems solitary: or a loosely aad ‘egethox bioety 2-6 dm. tall, glandular-puberulent to more 
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