426 COMPOSITAE 
15. Arnica discoidea Benth. Rayless Arnica. Fig. 5733. 
Arnica discoidea Benth. Pl. Hartw. 319. 1849. 
Perennial from long, nearly naked ioe sg stems mostly solitary, 3-6 dm. tall, glandular- 
puberalent and often also more or less long-hairy: Leaves sparsely to rather copiously long-hairy 
n sides, and often also glandular, rather esate toothe * A Mi subentire, the basa 
ones “cicero te, with narrowly ovate to deltoid or even subcordate blade up to about 8 
and 3. wid i 
cm. 
long cm. e, kate oadly wing-petiolate ps with ill- iat blade almost as in 
Al. Se ath ulata ; oaltiae leaves ral pairs, evidently and -prpercalyely reduced, mostly gin ral 
with broad w met ee ot pi oy ill- in ed blade; only branched above 
from near the nie producing several or rather many font res ane: 30) h pees the wer sder up 
leaves often alternate? heads turbinate- Sepanulee to subhemispheric, ‘Alsen (the heraenl 
corollas earels ermal) involucre 9-13 mm, high, glandular and SDFEAA ELUNE, the bracts 
obtuse or somewhat acute, carrying their width well above the middle or nearly to the tip; achenes 
glandular see natty throughout, or glabrate below; pappus rather strongly barbellate, white or 
stramineous. 
Open woodlands, Upper Sonoran_and d Transition Zones the Outer Coast Ranges of California 
sig oie ae ocino County to eo by he uis Onin “sone (the Pp eeptiroreny pi of Jepson). Type locality: woods near 
On arin California. June— 
- nica — oe eradiata (A. Gray) = ge Vas 1. Pacif. Northw. 5:49. 1955. a parvi- 
flora Gray, Proc. Amer. Ac ai 7 363. 1868; Aha as. er hadi A, Gray, Syn. Fl. N. Amer. 1%: 381. 
1884; my orasi Heller, Mublenbergia 1: a, 1900; A, falconaria Greene, Ottawa Nat. 23: 215. 1910; - tustckti 
Rydb. N. Am 927, in part.) Similar to typical A. discoidea but the middle and lower cauline 
i i i to ovate 
rarely through the Cascade Mountains to the east end of the — River Gorge in Oregon and Washington, 
where again common. Type locality: Hood River, Oregon. ay— 
— discoidea var. eave Ph wags Cronquist in Ferris, el ee Herb. pi 1958. (A. alata 
Rydb. N pore Fl. eras ; A. sanhedrensis Rydb. loc. cit.; A. parvt afore ubeb, alata Maguire, apd oa 
Maes 4: 455, 1 ey Similar to nae eradiata but ph the basal leaves genera whe dist mon cordate and th 
: e 
vhich | e sha fro inary fo 
A. cordifolia in being rayless. Moderate and lower ovations } in the Sierra Nevadi, carientrd lead commonly to 
the Klamath region, Bind common in the Coast ee just ainsi of San Francisco wey and oceasionally load 
northward in the Inner Coast Ranges of California. Type 1 ity: Yosemite, California. June-Aug 
16. Arnica spathulata Greene. Klamath Arnica. Fig. 5734. 
Arnica spathulata Greene, — 3: 103. 1896. 
Arnica cusickii Rydb. N. Amer. Fl. 34: 343, in part. 1927. 
Perennial from br: aed nearly naked rhizomes, the stems ——~ solitary, mostly 1.5-4 
dm. tall; herbage glandular and spreading-hairy. Leaves coarsely toothed or occasionally sub- 
entire, the basa yes more or less spatulate, with a broad, winged, ecole base and poorly defined 
blade, the blade and petiole together up to t 10 cm. long and 3.5 cm. wide; cauline leaves 
pairs, sessile and d-bas r the lowermost similar to the basal ones; stems com- 
monly branched above and producing several (up to about 20) heads, these turbinate-campanulate, 
discoid ; involucre ears mm. high, glandular and hairy-spreading like the herbage, more coarsely 
and conspicuously so than in A. discoidea, the bracts merely acutish, carrying their width well 
beyond the iiaie: vachenes stpitate sn ne ta throughout, generally not otherwise hairy; pappus 
barbellate, white or nearly 
Open woods, aida sd wall up in the mountains, mostly Arid Transition Zone; in the Klamath region 
of soutumesert Oregon and adjacent Californ nia. Type locality: Glendale, Oregon. rend July. 
Arnica spathulata subsp. ctdek tes (Rydb.) Lr hadi Brittonia 4: 458. 1943, (Arnica eastwoodiae 
Rydb. N. Amer. Fl, 34: 343. 1927.) More slender and less ently hairy than the typical form of ~ —— 
and more inclined to branch (sometimes even from near the bacek afd commonly with the stem or leaves or both 
more or less suffused with red (anthocyanin): petioles sometimes less winged. Foothill and seacoast ht es in 
Curry and Josephine Counties, Oregon, and Del eg eam vt semen < ward econ ak ag common aly 
17. Arnica venésa H. M. Hall. Veiny Arnica. Fig. 5735. 
Arnica venosa H. M. Hall, Univ. Calif. Pub. Bot. 6: 174. 1915. 
Habitally similar to 4. apKee. usually ke branched, — less ys vas camgyat pubescent and 
less glandular. Leaves larger (up Abi and 3c mer, evidently reticulate- 
veiny (at feat apres as well as fen sang sharply and ‘saclay ape toothe d; heads a little larger, 
terminating ranches; disk pin! 9 y cae y long-hairy below, more sparsely so above, not 
glandular ; achenes chortle ae mo glandu ress 
Hot dry slopes in the foothills, Arid Transition Zone; Shasta County (Salt Creek and Iron Mountain), Cali- 
fornia. Type locality: Salt Creek, Shatte County. May-June. . r 
18. Arnica viscésa A. Gray. Shasta Arnica. Fig. 5736. 
Arnica viscosa A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. 13: 374. 1878. 
eer sere penecaiaee Greene Erythea 8: 48. 1895. 
Jepson, Man. FI. Pl. Calif. 1037. 1925. 
Picea! with numerous cee branched stems arising from a branching caudex, 2-5 d 
tall; herbage copiously pubescent with hairs of varying length, many or most of which are aad 
