SUNFLOWER FAMILY 509 
: y 
Spi. Ge 
$893. Arctium minus $834. Arctium lappa 
1. Saussurea americana D. C. Eaton. American Sawwort. Fig. 5895. 
Sa D. C. Eaton, Bot. Gaz 283. 1881. 
Saussurea ne var. cordata Kurtz, Bot.’ Jahrb. 19: 354. 1894. 
Plants with simple, erect, leafy stems from the wn of a short stout rootstock, sparse 
puberuent = roniehtalee and a little stacitoler, pantioulatty on the re side of the leaves ; eae 
3-10 ) dm. tall, terete, mostly unwinged or sometimes the leaf-bases a little decurrent. 
Leaves thin herbaceous, sieges, Roney to oblongish or lanceolate, saliently dentate, the lower 
nuate and acute at apex, 5-1 
cylindric or oblong-turbinate, about 2 cm. long; phyllaries numerous in many series, closely 
appressed, acute, sparsely arachnoid- or ig tee Detar i coriaceous, the outer and middle 
broadly triangular-ovate or te, the inner lanceolate, somewhat membranous on the margin, 
exposed parts of the phyllaries frequently tinged with dark brown or purplish black; receptacle 
or fimbrillate ; s lavender i re 
mooth ; pappus 
to 7 mm. lon inner series more = eaceous an e or less connate at the baie about 
long, pa ig light bro ee ereoreulls persistent. 
ae st ped wy or sa ihe pes in the mountains, Canadian and Hudsonian Zones; Olympic and Cascade 
Mountains, Washington, south a a" east to the Blue and Siskiyou Mountains, Oregon, and ~. = Sera Moun- 
enetig ‘Cal chores: "pait to tdahe and Montana; astern Alaska and perhaps adjacent British Columbia. Type 
loca lity: “mountains of Union Co., Oregon.”’ Collecte by Cusick in 1877. July—Sept. 
2 dm. tall o r less with | narrow ‘elliptic ‘leaves that are scarcely reduced upward and frequently surpass the densely 
comecunchiseced heads. Mountain slopes, Hadeonies or Arctic-Alpine Zones; reported from Mount Benson, 
Vancouver Island; Rocky Mountains ta British Columbia and Alberta. Type locality: “elevated parts of the 
Rocky Mountains.” Collected by Drummond. 
138. SILYBUM [Vaill.] Adans. Fam. Pl. 2: 116. 1763. 
Annual or biennial pies with vy! stems a alternate i ag leaves. Heads peduncu- 
late, medium or large, many-flowered, homogamous. Phyllaries numerous in many series, 
the outer and middle Sah ed a tiff spreading, eee folinccocs appendage. Receptacle 
fleshy, setose. Achenes compressed, nearly smooth, hilum basal. Pappus-bristles in sev- 
eral series, setulose, united at the base into a ring, aa hsainas. [From the Greek name of a 
thistle that was used for food. ] 
of 2 species indigenous to the Mediterranean region. Type species, Carduus marianus L. 
