215 
526 COMPOSITAE 
elow into a spine-bordered, ‘pet iole-like base ; basal leaves and also ne peng thinly atacand, . 
thickly white lust on the side, ar id-fl se, or arachnoi p i e 
cauline oblongish or lanceolate, shallowly to deeply spiny-lobed, heccrnie: Rte sessile with 
lo or shorter, decurrent, ings the point of attachment st 
leaves quite reduced but scarcely bracteate, conspicuously spiny ; heads solitary at the ends of more 
or less leafy stems, medium-sized to 1 ,3-5.cm. | broad ; involucres campanu- 
te to broadly hemispheric, the numerous phyllaries interconnected b b : 
grayish white, filmy tomentum, the tomentum tending to b occose in age; phyllaries acicular, 
linear or linear-lanceolate, th g downward-poin f 
the base, the middle phyllaries spreading horizontally or ascending fr rt appressed base 
he spreading part thickish te, attenuate into the short, slender but stiffi e, the inner 
phyllaries flattened towar e tip, sharply acute or weakly spine-tipped, spinulose-ciliolate and a 
oO ward, not 
pa 
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c 
= 
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a 
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ao 
i 
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= 3 
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35 
+ 
ze 
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S 
fe) less curvin rd an 
glandular ; flowers purplish red or rarely white, scarcely ex ceeding the in valiire: corollas ee of 
3.5 cm. long, the tube 13-18 mm. long, gradually widening es the throat, the lobes 7-1 
lone. bags af pidaggting linear-filiform due to Sirol trig of margins; achenes oblong to ieee 
cun oe . long, 2-2.6 mm. wide, brownish, somewhat shiny ; pappus white or sordid, 
33 ¢ i ong. 
Claye 7 andy, or gravelly soil of coastal dunes, grassy mesas, and i pan washes, Upper Sonoran and Humid 
Transition roses: Séncink County, California, oe ard to cismonta a Giualar southern California. Type 
locality: Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara County ich may also be ise: ‘Pe, locality of fe coulteri). April—July. 
cobweb Rye is aia? kable and distinctive in its typical form but in places where its rene e approaches 
or cece’ that of C. proteanum a seeming genetic blending results that oun account for numerous intermediate 
16. Cirsium ghia tami T. Howell. Red or Venus Thistle. Fig. 5917. 
Carduus venustus Greene, Proc. Acad. io beset 359. 1893. Not Cirsium venustum Porta, 1909. 
Cirsium occidentale var. venustum Jeps FI. Aa var 3167... F925. 
Cirsium proteanum J. T. Howell, betes rea "Bot. 9 
ong a 
and reflexed, typically the outer ones short, ovate-lanceolate, more or less reflexed, the le ones 
elongate-lanc coate, bp ap sed carinate-thickened, sovebenty ipceadlana above the. appressed 
ee so 2 ihe ro and more or less introrse ost erect, flattened, chartac 
cabrous-ciliola te, alle cent he innermost shortly Te Gases an Fo tees -arachnoid- teiriontoee 
persisten ntly pubescent or glabrescent, none glandular ; siabak usually crimson-red but varying to 
ny urplish red ite, strai a 18- 
an 
m. long, the lobes 10-12 mm. long; achenes poe ahiea! obovate, 6-7 mm. long, 3 mm. wi 
bee aS, i base ; pappus akc about 2 om . lon 
Clay: dahity. or rocky tt Diss grasslan br an or open woodland, widespread and common in the drier 
nip ore Guscnteias, Up: Son Ge Svat rcstd’ = Canadian Zones; common in the Coast Ranges and_ occasional 
n the Sierra Nevada, aitienin Shasta County s uth to Kern and Ventura Counties; perhaps local in western 
middle Ne evada. Type locality: ‘hills of the aaee Coast Range of California, from Vacaville southward. 
le (Cirsium pastoris J. T. —— Snowy Thistle. Fig. 5918. 
Card Greene, Proc. Acad. Phila. 1892: 893. 
Cirsi: d i te mum J. F. Macbride, Cont. Cog Herb. No. 53: 22. 1918. 
Cirsium candidissim ns Gack s. & Moxley, FI. S. Calif 1923. Not Dammer, 1898. 
Cirsium pastoris J. T. Hone ele . Midl. Nat. 30: sty 
Plant biennial wit h a stout taproot, the stems and — white-lanate with a close, felt-like 
Il e 
t tire a 
lobed. ae ent base, the leaves on the flowering branches almost bracteate; heads rather few 
solitary on longer or shorter, peduncle- like stems, oblongish to hemispheric, ecm Tg lesee and 
