n= IQ - 
530 COMPOSITAE 
margin of the lobes and of the rachis-like border along the midrib spinulose-ciliate, the blade 
eos sae toa rgunina Bi gt petiole-like base ; lower cauline leaves similar to the rosette- 
leaves but m € spi ny a the base developing rounded, semi-amplex iat spiny, shortly 
decurrent savictes upper ap s reduced, sessile by a broadly clasping base, shallowly to deeply 
erm i i i i t uterm 
nsed plants ie heads subcongested and leafy-bracteate, parte tan to subglobose, 
s the head s 
Gattis deicdinmaneed phyllaries; heads solitary or clustered at the ends of elongate branches or 
in more conde L d 
.5 cm. long, in cha ten te bra nched plants the heads no odding after a nthesis ; involucre 
owly 
i nd e along the margin 
flowers lavender-pink to purplish or whitish, more or less doh a ok in the ing the sek ap Ba 
10 mm. long, the throat sven peer fa above the t —6 m obes 3-6 m 
long ; ngewe s 5 mm. long, 2 mm. wide, narrowly obovate, Seem E pappus a little sordid, Prise 
1.5.6 ere 
Deep m of meadows, forest borders, and maritime slopes, Humid Transition and — Zones; 
Oregon asey FY i. Cascade Milstein: oan ed in the Coast Ranges, from the Columbia River south to 
Coos Bay. Type locality: Salem, Marion Sete April—Aug. 
Some of the coast . ds nts are remin sean he C. andrewsii and some of the montane plants resemble C. edule, 
but all are referred to C. hallit pending further study. 
22. Cirsium andréwsii (A. Gray) Jepson. Franciscan Thistle. Fig. 5923. 
Cnicus andrewsii A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. 10: 45. 1874. 
Coleone enekioline Greene, Pittonia 1: 70. 1887. 
i Jepson, Fl. W. Mid. Calif. 506. 1901. 
Plant monocarpic, biennial or perhaps the rosette sometimes So. through two years; 
stems erect, 0. m. tall, in robust plants up to in diameter and succulent, usually widely 
much- 
1 
te coro aig td purple, more or _ — in the heads, the tube mm. long, the 
throat 4— long, the lobes 5-7 m madi _ ne cuneate- oblong, flattened: 4-5 mm. long, 
ety paneer Recncie: pappus buff, aboot A 3 cm 
Coastal slopes and arroyos, frequently in wet o hy g alo ms around seepages, Humid 
‘Trenaites Zone; central cag Sided - <Homcen a Co unty south to, San ‘Mateo euaey Type qocalley : ‘California 
ig obal aly not far from cisco or Sacram May 
a Coan Cstifernia, C andrewsii yi idiaes with C. ’ nee, This hybrid has been called 
& halt x ‘duercetorvin f psilophyllum Petrak (Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 35: 527. 1917). Type locality: Tennessee 
alley, Marin 
2. —— crassicatile (Greene) Jepson. Slough Thistle. Fig. 5924. 
ne, Proc. Acad. Phila. 1892: 357. 1893. 
Cirsium crassicaule . FI. Ww. Mid. Calif. 506. 1901. 
ual or biennial herb with a short fusiform root; stems strictly erect, 1 to nearly 3 m. 
chnoi 
tall, hollow cna up t thick near the b; thinly arachno id-tomentose and j 
more or occose, paniculately branching only ne i ade developing short leafy 
flowering branches te) al leaves a noid a glabresce nt above, arachnoid-canescent 
elow, narrowly lanceolate, remotely sinuate-pin atifid, the eoonineeioe br oadly pic ire -tipped 
e-ciliate; cauline leaves crisply arachnoid or glabrescent above, whitish-arachnoid- 
ow, prbhaets: oblanceolate to linear-oblong or -elliptic, to 1.5 dm. long a 3 cm. wide, 
panaiely pare ts 4 spiny and spiny-ciliate, narr 1 to a spiny- 
1 auricles; upper leaves reduced and strongly spiny b- 
spiny, -like leaves, solitary on a longer or shorter, peduncle-like stem or 
rarely closely ted, campanulate, cm. ; involucres glabrous or perhaps rarely 
thinly hnoid es not glandular, closely appressed and imbricate except for the 
asce -sprea: ong 
strong spine, frequently bearing 1 or more stiff, unequal, lateral spines, rarely the lateral spines 
again spinulose or chartaceous-expanded and m more or less heat ue the middle phyllaries ——— 
lanceolate, attenuate into a slender spine, the spiny tip s aring a small later spine, 
the inner phyllaries with flattened, somewhat twisted, ae aie that end in a small ~ or 
