548 COMPOSITAE 
branches pala from the basal or lower cauline leaf-axils, or She primary stem erect and u 
branched for uch as 2 dm. and branching above, somew what ngled, not winged. sal are 
subrosulate, eae me the lower cauline leaves obla nr te or cblongish, pinnate ely lobed to pin- 
nately parted, narrowed to a longer or shorter petiole, the middle and u auline leaves sessile 
by a broad, decurrent base, oblong, up to 25 = lon ene 6 cm. wae ae pen much smaller, 
sharply spinulose-dentate to pinnately parted, bright eee and vi clap wlan pec les the upper- 
most ereres (or subbasal leaves if fear is s vee wie clustered ee the and exceeding it in 
= math eads narro aie to broadly ovate, 2-4 cm. long; phases SE AY Oe or ap- 
sed, i in several series, the outermost i ovate, abruptly tipped by an cae pig slender 
se the middle Hk Sig ovate phyllaries bearing a spreading, oes apinnes appendage to about 
2 cm. long, the lateral spines in about 5-7 pairs, the appendage in the innermost elongate hile 
much reduced; flowers yellow, the pala na sterile ones inconspicuous; achenes oblong-obovate, 
about 8 mm. long, grayish brown, scarcely compressed, slightly coristricied at the truncate apex 
below the dentate rim; pappus br sank tinged, the outer bristles about 10 mm. long, de coca 
face a thes roughened, the inner bristles 2-4(5) mm. long, bearing a few ee disposed processe: 
alon ides 
ds, iecapeias and roadsides, flourishing in rich cultivated soils, widely al alae but not yore. common; 
arr! gp gu south to southern California; occasional eastward to the Atlan Introduced in many parts 
of the world from the Mediterranean region. April- Sept. 
Tribe 10. ARCTOTIDEAE* 
146. GAZANIA Gaertn. Fruct. 2: 451. 1791. Nomen conservandum. 
lants herbaceous, mostly perennial, low and spreading, with subrosulate radical leaves 
av 
cent. Re cle Seo or convex, shallowly honeycombed. Flowers hots yellow or orange, 
the ra Saris inged or marked with blue, purple, or brown, the disk-flowers sometimes 
dark. Achene dhave turbinate, long- villous. Pappus-bristles in 2 series, narrowly acumi- 
nate, thin, s a inconspicuous and concealed by the long copious hairs of the achene. 
[Probably in honor of Theodore of Gaza who translated the botanical works of Aristotle 
r 
South African genus of about 24 species. Type species, Cinistle rigens L. 
1. Gazania longiscapa DC. Treasure Flower. Fig. 5952. 
Gazania longiscapa DC. Prod. 6: 513. 1837. 
Scapose pe 
equaling or exceeding the leaves. Leaves entire or tii ately divided sey ee oblanceolate = 
ole 1- m. 
elliptic, acute, attenuate at base into a nabos petiole, the blade and peti ee ong, the up 
side smooth and glabrou s, the lower side (except the midrib) densely lanate-tomentose, the revo- 
lute margin scabrous Gliste ; involucre about eas long, the cup eas 36 phyllary-lobes 
attenuate-acute or spine escent, the outer np te bes scabrous-ciliate ; heads 3-6 cm. across, the 
flowers bright, cic in shadow and in late st Siicitoe pappus- -bristles 3-4 mm. long, hidden by 
the hairs of the achene which are shoe twice as long. 
Feb. “Mas g from cultivation in southern California but perhaps not persisting. Introduced from South Africa. 
e 
Arctodtis L. Sp. Pl. 922. 1753. Acaulescent or caulescent herbs or shrubs. Leaves alternate, unarmed; he ads 
radiate, the ray-flowers pistillate and fertile, the disk-flowers perfect; payers in several serie distinct; re- 
ceptacle deeply pitted, fimbrillate; achenes winged dorsally, the wings appearing to form 2 pits, the base of o 
chene forked with a long tuft of hairs; pappus in 2 series, the outer pong scarious, paleaceous, be gee e€ 
inner series someti = ate! all. * hadifolia var. grandis (Thunb. ) Less. Synop. Gen. Comp. 26. 1 
(A. grandis Thunb. . Pl. Cap. 706. 1820.) Annual tomentose herb with erect stems and undulate, dentate 0 
lo leaves; te ee very eonoak: the outer herbaceous, end elliptic, the middle and inner elongate- ‘oblong, 
scarious or pe out apt ed; achenes plumply obovate, 2 sea ‘age for the buff, incu Shae 
dentate, lateral margin f the d rsal pits, the basal hairs Tight 1 Br od co 4 sgn outer pappus-pa 
hyaline, 3 mm four, “tg inner aus consisting Of rudimentary bristles. Y Octasiount ‘escape from cultivation in 
southern California probably — persisting. Native of the Cape region, South Africa. 
Bérkheya Ehrh. Beitr. 3: 137. 1788. South African herbs o} ascneogel = more or less spiny, or spin “ai 
dentate leaves; heads discoid es. radiate; phyllaries in several series, Thai r less united by thei Snares thes ; 
a cup, the free ends spine-tipped; ; receptacle mingle,” B. heterop or von a pitted, ‘more oF om ‘ess a + Pe ae: ae 1 
— (Stobaca cterophylia Thunb. . Pl. Cap. 622. ye Thistle-like he ~ wit th bine 2 divided aoe ZB 
heads discoid; 4 ries divaricate, Aho on margin and at apex; achenes enclosed within receptacle- pits; PRDhive 
— inka. -25—-0.3 mm. long, obtuse or subtruncate, denticulate, On ballast near Portland, Oregon. Nativ 
of Sout 
enidium Linnaea 6: 91. 1831. Acaulescent or rese eeabiiey the closely 
related Arctotis, i Sevine | in glabrous achenes that are Goony epappose, aot PE il ie ae gts t Prag oy 
(Jacq.) Stapf, ou Ma ey: pl. ai 1928. (Ar — Fryers F pen Hort. Schoenbr. 21, pl. 166. 1 
. wyleyvt Harvey 1. Ca 463. ae aa Annual her ith thin cobwebb Seeker lower lea — 
more or less onibine ae S oeee i ne leaves idea tox with an auriculate base, all lanceolate ee 
lanceolate or oblongish and ete pinnately lobed; — sig dont at the ends of branches; phyllaries or 1c, 
the outer linear with a slender spreading herbaceous tip Rett ate-spatulate —e Z rounded scarious ap- 
pendage; rays orange with dark purplish me achenes s hae th led; pappus pres = a minute own or 
lneki ing. Occasionally escaping from cultivation in southern gay we dasg Nee of South Ate 
* Text of Arctotideae contributed by John Thomas Howell. 
