552 COMPOSITAE 
erate not beaked. 170. Sonchus. 
Achenes beaked. 171. Lactuca. 
Achenes me flattened, either angulate or terete. 
Ligules pink or purplish. 
Heads nodding before and after anthesis; plants of coastal Oregon and b fee ngto: 
eads anthesis; a of the dese 156. Lygodesmia. 
Shewien shades of yellow, sometimes rae r cream-colo oe fick in Malacothrix blairii)., 
Lea ll basal; heads solitary on scapose peduncle 
ew truncate; Fens tees Eaictiens 151. Nothocalais ne 
152. Microseris, 
Achenes beaked or mer ae tapering at the summit in some species of Agoseris; aap 
bristles not akipy 
Achenes -ri scien muricate abov 175. Taraxacum. 
Achenes 10-15-ri ibbed or -nerved, not inuiode: muricate above. 
153. Agoseris. 
Stems ei ; heads not on scapose peduncles. 
Achenes minutely to strongly rugulose or tuberculate between the angles 
Dep ressed branching annuals with crustaceous-margined ee achenes abruptly 
beaked. 160. Glyptopleura. 
Erect, rena glandular annuals without crustaceous-margined leaves; achenes taper- 
Nis beak, 161. Caius. 
Achenes st 
the angles. 
baat early deciduous, 1—8 bristles remaining in a few speci 
159: Mclecithets, 
cages: persistent (deciduous at maturity in some species of Crepis). 
Phyllaries not at all thickened; pappus sordid or Le gidrrens rarely white 
P Hicvactumt. 
Phyllaries somewhat thickened at base or on midrib; pappus sett; white. 
174. Crepis. 
150. CICHORIUM [Tourn.] L. Sp. Pl. 813. 1753. 
Herbs with erect branching stems, alternate and basal leaves, and large heads of usually 
ncle 
blue flowers, pedu or in sessile clusters along the br Involucral bracts in 2 
series, herbaceous, the inner erect btending or partly enclosing the outer achenes 
Receptacle flat, naked or slightly fimbrillate. Ligules pes and 5-toothed at the apex 
Anthers sagittate at the base tyle-branches slender, o s 5-angled or 5 
ribbed, truncate, beakless. Pappus of 2-3 series of short bEfat scales. [From the Arabic 
name. | 
An Old World genus of about 8 species. Type species, Cichorium intybus L. 
1. Cichorium intybus L. Chicory. Fig. 5956. 
Cichorium intybus L. Sp. Pl. 813. 1753. 
Perennial from a long deep taproot, the stems sparsely hispid, stiff, branched, 3-10 dm 
e high. Basal leaves spreading on the ground, runcinate-pinnatifid, spatu late in outline, $20 
e — 
t base; any, Tro 
on the nearly naked or —_ branches ; “Mowers br ight blue or rarely white; involucres 9-15 m 
high; achenes 2-3 mm. long, 5-angled, truncate above, the pappus reduced to a minute fringed 
n. 
Roadsides and waste places, i in all the Pacific States, and more or less generally throughout the United States 
and Canada. x substitute for coffee is sometimes made $e he the roots. March—July. 
Scélymus hispanicus L. Sp. Pl. 813. 1753. At e-like herb 3-5 dm. high, more or less arachnoid-pubescent 
or sometimes oe gees leaves alter ate, 4-8 cm. hog pmo it or pinnatifid, the lobes strongly spinescent, 
midrib broadened below the confluent ribs from the lobes, and decurrent on the stem; heads in the axils of the 
smaller upper leaves; ~inwolueral erssa _— nbpe “et flowers heir 4 chaffy bracts more or less enclosing the 
beakless achenes. — of the Med an r and sparingly adventive at Los Gatos, Santa Clara County, 
California. Golden 
151 NOTHOCALAIS* _ a) Greene, Bull. Calif. Acad. 2: 54. 1886. 
spherical, the outer phyllaries only slightly shorter than the innermost, glabrous to ciliate 
e) e-villous along the midline. Receptacle naked. Corollas all ee, yellow, well 
exceeding the involucre. Achenes columnar-fusiform. th or brous above, not 
beaked, the upper portion often vacant but not said differentiated from the body of 
- Text contributed by Kenton Lee Chambers. 
