SUNFLOWER FAMILY 589 
marginal flowers usually reduced to short eae scales, that of the inner of plumose bristles, 
exceeding the achene in length and flattened below to a scarious base. 
A European soe of lawns, waste places, and roads ifs from pe Columbia west of the Cascade Moun- 
tains south to central California; eae intron I in eastern United Stat 
Because of the oe created by efforts to assign a precise por he of the basonym Crepis nudi- 
caulis, authors using the ne Prahor me available name here followed. 
Leontodon sueuaahine Le Spe, 798. “F753: Differs from L. leysseri in having the a ce of sev- 
eral heads, the peduncles sealy-bracted and_enlarged below the head, and the onppas ner and outer 
flowers a single row of plumose bristles. A European weed rather commonly distributed in the case but otha in 
pos a og ‘eregy be from a single collection: % in Bellingham, Washington (Blake, Leaflets West, Bot. 7: 285-86. 1955) 
so from 
170. SONCHUS [Tourn.] L. Sp. Pl. 793. 1753. 
Annual, biennial or ere rather fleshy coarse herbs with a mostly auricu- 
late-clasping, enti natifid, prickly-margined leaves. Inflorescence corymbose, 
paniculate, or ser af ie heads yellow-flowered. Involucre in sea coming thick- 
ened and indurated at base in age, the phyllaries somewhat peri cis = thin tips reflexed 
in age, subtended by calyculate bractlets. Receptacle flattened, . Achenes obcom- 
pressed, ribbed or striate, often rugose, truncate at apex. Pappus much surpassing the 
achene in length, of copious, soft, capillary bristles ptecnac at rie. hase and falling away 
ina ring. |The Greek name for the sow-thistle. ] 
An Old World genus of about 45 species. Type species, Sonchus oleraceus L. 
Hedypnois cretica 6021. Leontodon leysseri 
a4 Picris echioides arvensis 
