129- 
-well aware that in the case of the double samara of the sugar maple one 
of them is almost invariably hollow. It is rare to find both good.” Qd 
CCOCLX.—ANBURY, CLUB-ROOT, OR FINGER AND 
TOE 
(With plate.) 
"This unfortunately well-known plant malady has been made the 
subjeet of the most careful scientifie investigation. Of this a good 
aecount is given by Mr. Carruthers in the Journal of t. oyal 
fdiowing du Society, 3rd ser., vol. ia PP 334-339 (1893). The- 
ion i ed from 
invégulir warty excrescences. In the progress ti the disease the bulb 
‘itself becomes rotten, and in the advanced stages a most offensive putrid 
odour is pa off.” 
The appearance of the diseased roots is well illustrated in the 
acd blipsaiy lait mean which is borrowed from von Tubeuf’s 
Pflanzenkrankheit 
Fora description ‘of the organism dise ur Woronin, which 
the cause of the disease, reference ce may be. nac Mr. Carruthers 
7 “Ehe late Dr. — Voelcker made a n elaborate i inqu ity into the 
conditions favourable to These were paid in the Journal of 
the Royal Agricultural veset; y for 1859 (vol. xx., pp. 101-105). He 
* concluded that the cause of anbury is justly a in most instances 
to - ebsence or insufficieney of lime in mua mes 
* It has since been observed e application of lime, 
chalk, or mar], has prevented the reappearance a the disease in fields 
where it t had previously been presen 
“ It has recently been asserted E: the femel present in manures 
rs the 
(Carruthers, Lc, p. 335). Inthe Foil ri the Royal Agricultural 
ty for 1894 essor William 
ill i 
conclusions may be quoted :— 
“ 1. That Finger par Toe (locally kuown in i north as “pii 5 
is an extremely infectious disease, and may be easily induced by 
inoculating a soil perfectly free from the disease—and holding much 
more than an average quantity of poet soil from a diseased field. 
* 9. That such diseased soil may be easily smog pia a irae 
points to the pathological phenomena being 
presumably Plasmodiopho: assice ” (p 8I 
Plasmodiophora, which is the cause of the dise; have now been 
carried à step further, as the res alt of investigations made during the 
last four years in the Jodrell Laboratory of the Royal Gardens by 
Mr. G. Massee, F.L.S., a member of the scientific staff. 
a2 
