H2 MIDDLEMISS : THE GEOLOGY OF IDAR STATE. 



plant remains, entirely unrecognisable, as also a little south of 

 Berna At first the highly silicified layers of rock found near the 

 granite here, and also at Wantra and Berna hills, made one consider 

 whether this effect was in any way a contact effect of the granite. 

 Besides much general evidence to the contrary, specimen No. ffi 

 is entirely against any such fanciful theory. It contains many 

 felspar grains entirely kaolinised, and was taken from the junction 

 laver between the two. Again, the sandstone of the same hill, 

 which forms a capping to it with concretionary lumps of hmomte 

 1 to 2 inches across, is only specially hardened and silicified in 

 certain beds. It is not as a whole harder than the usual run of the 

 sandstone and there are associated with it beds of white freestone 

 not more indurated than the ordinary Ahmednagar sandstone. 



As expressed in R. B. Foote's " Geology of Baroda " and in 

 Sambasiva Iyer's "Sketch of the Mineral 

 Ago of the Ahmed- R esource s of the Baroda State," the presence 

 nagar Sandstone. ^ lateritic layers associated with the sand- 



stone series of the Sabarmati river, has led these two observers 

 to regard this Ahmednagar Sandstone series as being of Eocene 

 age I am unable to accept this conclusion, partly because I thmk 

 the lateritic layers (as seen chiefly in the river sections) are purely 

 surface phenomena, and are not seen in any good massive quarry 

 section and partly because the whole series, and especially the 

 valuable freestone runs, seem very faithfully to reproduce those 

 of the Drangadra freestone of N.E. Kathiawar, 1 the Songir sand- 

 stone of Baroda 2 and possibly also the Banner sandstone of Western 

 Kajputana 3 The horizon of the first is generally accepted as Umia, 

 e q Jurassic-Cretaceous (or Cretaceous, according to the most recent 

 views) whilst that of Songir is considered to be marine Cretaceous, 

 and to such a horizon I am constrained to refer the Ahmednagar 

 Sandstone, with but little reservation on account of the absence of 



fossils 



ALLUVIUM AND SURFACE DEPOSITS. 



The wide development of deposits of Recent age in Idar State, 



at first sight, seems to merit a more liberal 



Largely developed. treatment than, I regret, I have been able 



i Feddon, Mem., Geol. Surv. India, Vol. XXI, pt. 1, p. 63. 



1 XS a ir« ! "' t Vol 9 X, pp.il!, .8 and LaTonCe, M.m., 0. B. I, Vol. 

 XXXV, p. 33. 



