EFFECT ON SPRINGS AM) WATER-SUJM'LV. 115 



These types of ground waves occur in regions where high 

 intensities are experienced but do not appear 



hxplanation ad vane- ' «*jp^/ot»* 



cd in the ease of to have been generally recognised as yet. 



H^ifomian earth- Their ^g^ is obscure, ' though the following 



explanation has been advanced in the case 

 of the Californian earthquake, where they were observed on alluvial 

 tracts, although some of the reports, as in the present case, came 

 from places where there is but a thin veneer of alluvium or soil 

 upon the rocks. 



' If it should prove, on the Basis of more abundant evidence, 

 that these waves are peculiar to alluvial basins, thev may be. 

 explained as reflections from the rocky slopes of such basins. If 

 a bowl of liquid be tapt smartly, vibrations are inaugurated in 

 the rigid bowl which have a speed so great that the secondary 

 waves generated in the liquid pass out from all parts of the 

 walls of the vessels sensibly at the same instant. But the second- 

 ary waves thus generated in the liquid have so slow a rate of 

 propagation that they are quite apparent to the eye, and in the 

 central part of the surface of the liquid, where the waves meet, 

 there, is a violent commotion. If, instead of a bowl of liquid, we 

 have a rock basin filled with water-saturated alluvium it seems 

 probable that a similar effect would be produced ho a modified 

 degree ; and the visible waves at the surface may have had such 

 an origin. But whatever be their origin, it is apparent that they 

 must be a large factor in damaging structures situated upon the 

 ground in which they occur, and so raising the apparent intensity 

 on any scale based on destructive effects.'^ 1 ) 



EFFECT ON SPRINGS AND WATER-SUPPLY. 

 In the descriptive part of this report there are references to 

 the effect of the earthquakes on various springs and water-supplies, 

 such as the hot spring which dried up at Seikpyn as a result of 

 the shocks, and the remarkable changes in the level of the water 

 in the reservoir at Taunggyi in the Southern Shan States. Similar 

 phenomena were reported from Kyaukse and from Shwemyo. 



In the former instance cracks appeared in the ground as a result 



of the quake, for a length of some 150 feet, 

 Springs produced at 1 -i .•» » **■ , , ... 



Kyaufae. about a mile south of Kyaukse hill, and 



within 50 feet of the bank of the Zawgyi 

 1 Lor. cit., p. 380 



i2 



