172 OLDHAM: THE STRUCTURE OF THE HIMALAYAS, ETC. 



tables, and about '29 dyne if the Fisher constants, are used. The 

 compensation of the actual range should somewhat exceed that of the 

 imaginary, for the average level of the ground round More is more 

 than the 15,000 feet assumed, but the difference cannot be great, 

 and we may conclude that if the effect of distant topography is 

 as much as — "100 dyne the range is just about completely com- 

 pensated if the Ilayford hypothesis is used, but that if the Fisher 

 constants arc adopted it is distinctly over-compensated. If the 

 effect of distant topography is less than -100 dyne, ns seems more 

 probable, then the defect of gravity becomes greater than can be 

 accounted for on either hypothesis, and we reach the conclusion 

 that the range is over-compensated at More, just as it is under- 

 compensated at the stations in the outer hills. 



Whether compensation is or is not in excess at Mor6 it is evident 

 that the defect of compensation, which was so conspicuous in the 

 outer hills, has disappeared, and that the station is either within, 

 or on the borders of, the region of excess of compensation which 

 is required to balance the defect met with further south. 1 



The conclusion drawn from the gravity observation at Mor6 

 is to some extent supported by the observations at two latitude 

 stations situated on the southern border of the valley of Kashmir. 

 These latitude stations were not included in the final account 

 of the Operations of the Croat Trigonometrical Survey, on account 

 of a small uncertainty in their accuracy, due to unfavourable 

 weather conditions, but, as this inaccuracy is certainly less than 

 one second of arc, the results may be safely used for the purpose 

 of this investigation. 2 The western station, Poshkar, is described 

 as situated on a well-marked peak at the end of a spur that 

 projects into the Kashmir valley from the Pir Panjal range, and 

 i3 evidently situated on the small inlier of Panjal rocks, marked 



1 It may bo pointed out that, when discussing the Ilayford anomalies of gravity 

 in the alluvial plain, it was necessary to apply, what was in effect, a correction of — -02 

 dyne, to avoid the obtaining of a negative value for the depth of alluvium. It is not 

 impossible that this represents a real correction to the method of calculation made 

 liso of, in which the ocean basins are assumed to lie compensated in the same manner, 

 and within the same depth, as tho continental elevations, an assumption which is by 

 no means necessarily correct. All that need be considered here is. that any correction 

 of this character would change very slowly in amount, at stations in the interior of a 

 continental area, and would have the effect of increasing the negative value of the ano- 

 maly at More. 



■ See Operations, etc., XI, 1890, pp. 18 &27, and Synopses of the Results of the Op- 

 erations, etc., Vol. VII, 1879. 



I 260 ) 



