2^2 



THE NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC MAGAZINE 



Photograph hy C. I\. Edmunds 



DUKE KUNG, THE SEVENTY-SIXTH 

 DESCENDANT OF CONFUCIUS 



Fn charge of the temple and cemetery at 

 Kiifu. Four times a year the Duke worships 

 iti the great temple with appropriate ritual (see 

 text, page 247). 



The lock officials often keep long linevS 

 of boats waiting behind a closed lock by 

 making daily promises to open, but de- 

 laying day after day in the hopes of se- 

 curing additional "inducements." Such 

 congestion was always relieved by the 

 arrival of our boat, because we carried 

 official orders for control of the locks. 



In its central and southern portions the 

 Grand Canal, although badly kept up, is 

 much more utilized, and several thou- 

 sands of boats traffic on it. Of late years 

 the development of launch-trains, com- 

 posed of a steam-launch towing several 

 double-decked barges for passengers and 

 freight, has been extensive between such 

 important places as Tsingkiangpu, Yang- 

 chow, Chinkiang, Soochow, and Hang- 

 chow. 



The people of china their own best 

 monument 



Our return to the wonderful foreign 

 municipality of Shanghai suddenly awak- 

 ened us from the spell which our visit to 

 southwestern Shantung, China's Holy 

 Land, had put upon us. And yet, in 

 coming back from a region where evi- 

 dences hoary with age reveal the power 

 that has so long held China in its grip to 

 a modern c^ whose very existence testi- 

 fies to the industry and energy of this 

 ancient and honorable people, we ap- 

 preciated the fact that the Chinese, as the 

 only people who have survived from a 

 remote past, are their own best monu- 

 ment'. 



Whether or not the earth which covers 

 the mortal remains of their great Sage 

 has really been brought from the then 

 eighteen provinces of the Empire, it is 

 true that in these latter days this Sage of 

 old still holds sway throughout the land, 

 and it is an interesting fact that the re- 

 naissance of China today is in China's 

 thought closely associated with that 

 teacher whose face at that remote period 

 was toward the more ancient of the an- 

 cients, in imitation of whom he saw his 

 country's only hope. 



It is, therefore, natural that in 191 3 

 the President of the Republic should have 

 attempted to establish the new national- 

 ism by appealing to the people's loyalty 

 to Confucius and things Confucian. 



