THE NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC MAGAZINE 



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to October i ; St. Souplet sector, October 12 

 to 21. 



The Twenty-seventh spent 57 days in active 

 sectors — there were no quiet sectors on the 

 British front. It captured 2,357 prisoners, and 

 advanced n kilometers against resistance, los- 

 ing 1,785 killed and 7,201 wounded. 



The insignia is an "N. Y." in monogram and 

 the seven princioal stars of the constellation 

 Orion, in comnliment to the division com- 

 mander, Maj. Gen. J. F. O'Ryan. A unique 

 feature in connection with this insignia is that 

 only soldiers rated by the company command- 

 ers "as first-class soldiers" were permitted to 

 wear it. 



58. The Twenty-eighth, like the Twenty- 

 seventh, was an organized division in the Na- 

 tional Guard. It came from the State of Penn- 

 sylvania, New York and Pennsylvania being 

 the only two States with complete divisions in 

 their Guard at the outbreak of the war. It was 

 trained at Camp Hancock, Georgia, leaving for 

 France in May, 19 18. 



This division served in a sector southeast of 

 Chateau-Thierry June 30 to July 31, including 

 the defensive and offensive operations along 

 the Marne; Vesle sector, August 7 to Septem- 

 ber 8; Meuse-Argonne operation, September 20 

 to October 9; Thiaucourt sector, October 16 to 

 November 11. It was 31 days in quiet sectors 

 and 49 in active, capturing 921 prisoners; it 

 advanced 10 kilometers against resistance and 

 lost 2,551 killed and 11,429 wounded, the high- 

 est of aity National Guard division, and was 

 exceeded only by the First, Second, and Third 

 regular divisions. The Keystone of Pennsyl- 

 vania was selected as its device. 



59. The Twenty-ninth Division was organ- 

 ized at Camp McClellan, Alabama, from the 

 National Guard of the States of New Jersey, 

 Maryland, Delaware, Virginia, and the District 

 of Columbia. It arrived in France in June, 

 1918, and served in the Yosges July 25 to Sep- 

 tember 22, and north of Verdun October 7 to 

 30. It spent 59 days in quiet sectors and 23 in 

 active. It captured 2,187 prisoners, advanced 

 7 kilometers against resistance, and lost 951 

 killed and 4,268 wounded. 



The divisional insignia is taken from the 

 Korean symbol of good luck, and the personnel, 

 partly from the north and partly from the 

 south, was responsible for its name, the Blue 

 and Gray Division, and for the colors of the 

 insignia. 



_ 60. Organized at Camp Sevier, South Caro- 

 lina, from the National Guard of Tennessee 

 and North and South Carolina, the Thirtieth 

 Division arrived in France in May, 1918, and 

 served entirely with the British, alongside the 

 Twenty-seventh Division. It was in the Canal 

 sector, south of Ypres, July 16 to August 17, 

 being brigaded with the British at that time; 

 then under American command in the same 

 sector to September 4; Gouy-Norrov sector, 

 including breaking the Hindenburg line, Sep- 

 tember 23 to October 2 ; Beaurevoir sector, 

 October 5 to 12; Le Cateau sector, October 16 

 to 20. 



Serving 56 days in active sectors, none in 

 quiet, the Division captured 3,848 prisoners, ad- 

 vanced 29^2 kilometers against resistance, and 

 lost 1,629 killed and 7,325 wounded. It was 



known as the Old Hickory Division, taken 

 from the nickname of the famous Tennesseean, 

 Andrew Jackson, and the insignia shows the 

 letter "O" surrounding the letter "H," with the 

 Roman numerals XXX inside the cross-bar of 

 the "H," representing the divisional number, 

 "30." This is worn horizontally, not verti- 

 cally, as the design reads. This insignia was 

 used on the divisional transport long before 

 the adoption of the shoulder insignia. 



61. The Thirty-first Division was organized 

 from the National Guard of Georgia, Alabama, 

 and Florida, at Camn Wheeler, Georgia. It 

 went to France in October, 1918, and never 

 entered the line. _ The insignia stands for the 

 initials of the nickname, the Dixie Division, 

 and was used for marking the baggage as early 

 as November, 1917. 



62. The Thirty-second Division was organ- 

 ized from the National Guard of Michigan and 

 Wisconsin, at Camp McArthur, Texas. It ar- 

 rived in France in February, 1918; served on 

 the Alsace front May 18 to July 21 ; Fismes 

 front July 30 to August 7; Soissons, August 

 28 to September 3 ; Meuse-Argonne, Septem- 

 ber 30 to October 20, including the operations 

 against the Kriemhild line; east of the Meuse, 

 November 8 to 11 ; in the Army of Occupation 

 from November 17. It spent 60 days in quiet 

 sectors and 35 in active; captured 2.153 pris- 

 oners, advanced 36 kilometers against resist- 

 ance^ and lost 2,915 killed and 10,477 wounded. 

 The insignia of an arrow was selected because 

 they "shot through every line the Boche put 

 before them." 



63. The Thirty-third Division was organ- 

 ized from the National Guard of Illinois, at 

 Camp Logan, Texas. It went to France in 

 May, 1918; served in the Amiens sector with 

 the Australians July 19 to August 20, by de- 

 tachments. From September 9 to November 11 

 some r.nits of the division were always in the 

 line, serving north of Verdun and west of the 

 Meuse during the Meuse-Argonne operation. 

 For 32 days it served in quiet sectors and 

 27 in active ; captured 3,987 prisoners, more 

 than any other National Guard division, and 

 was surpassed in this respect by only three in 

 the Army, the First, Second, and Eighty-ninth. 

 It advanced 36 kilometers against resistance 

 and lost 989 killed and 6.266 wounded. 



The colors of this division's insignia are said 

 to have been chosen because they were the only 

 paints available when it became necessary to 

 mark the equipment in Texas before leaving 

 for France. 



64. The Thirty-fourth Division was organ- 

 ized from the National Guard of Iowa. Minne- 

 sota, Nebraska, and North Dakota, at Camp 

 Cody, New Mexico. It went to France in Sep- 

 tember, T918, but did not get into the line. 

 The bovine skull on the insignia is a conven- 

 tionalization of the Mexican water flask, ami 

 with the name. Sandstorm Division, is strongly 

 suggestive of the State where the division was 

 organized and trained. 



65. The Thirty-fifth Division was organized 

 from the National Guard of Missouri and 

 Kansas, at Camp Doniphan, Oklahoma. It 

 went to France in May, iot8. and served first, 

 brigade at a time, in the Vosges July 1 to 27 



