THE NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC MAGAZINE 



521 



The Seventy-seventh advanced Ji 



kilo- 



meters against resistance, more than any other 

 division ; captured 750 prisoners, and lost 1,992 

 killed and 8,505 wounded, again more than any 

 other National Army division. The insignia is 

 self-explanatory. 



75. The Seventy-eighth Division was made 

 up of men from western New York State, New 

 Jersey, and Delaware, and was stationed at 

 Camp Dix, New Jersey. It went to France in 

 June, 1918, and served in the Limey, Septem- 

 ber 16 to October 4; the Meuse-Argonne, Oc- 

 tober 16 to November 5, in which it relieved 

 the Seventy-seventh Division on the extreme 

 left wing of the American army. It advanced 

 21 kilometers against resistance, spent 17 days 

 in quiet sectors and 21 in active, captured 

 432 prisoners, and lost 1,384 killed and 5,861 

 wounded. The original insignia was a semi- 

 circle of red and was adopted in the United 

 States for marking baggage, but when shoulder 

 insignia was adopted in France the lightning 

 was added to represent the popular name of 

 Lightning Division. 



76. The Seventy-ninth Division was formed 

 of men from eastern Pennsylvania, Maryland, 

 and the District of Columbia and was stationed 

 at Camp Meade, Maryland. It went to France 

 in July, 1918, and served in the Meuse-Ar- 

 gonne Seotember 16 to 30, capturing Mont- 

 faucon. It served in the Troyon sector on the 

 heights east of the Meuse, October 8 to 25, and 

 in the Grande Montagne sector October 29 to 

 November 11. It spent 28 days in quiet sectors 

 and 17 in active, advanced 19^2 kilometers 

 against resistance, captured 1,077 prisoners, 

 and lost 1,419 killed and 5,331 wounded. 



The device of this division is the cross of 

 Lorraine, a symbol of triumph dating back to 

 the victory of the House of Anjou over Charles 

 the Bold, Duke of Burgundy, in the 15th cen- 

 tury. 



77. The Eightieth Division was formed of 

 men from western Pennsylvania, West Vir- 

 ginia, and Virginia, and was stationed at Camp 

 Lee, Virginia. It went to France in May, 1918, 

 and served on the Artois front, brigaded with 

 the British, July 23 to August 18; St. Mihiel 

 offensive, September 12 to 14; Meuse-Argonne 

 offensive, September 25 to 29; also October 4 

 to 12, and November 1 to 6. It was only one 

 day in a quiet sector, 17 in active sectors; ad- 

 vanced 38 kilometers against resistance, cap- 

 tured 1,813 prisoners, and lost 1,132 killed and 

 5,000 wounded — a heavy record for only 18 

 days of fighting. Known as the Blue Ridge 

 Division, its device shows three hills, repre- 

 senting the Blue Ridge, one for each of the 

 States which ■ furnished the personnel of the 

 division. 



78. The Eighty-first Division was composed 

 of men from the two Carolinas, Florida and 

 Porto Rico, and was stationed at Camp Jack- 

 son, South Carolina. It went to France in 

 August, 1918, and served in the St. Die sec- 

 tor, brigaded with the French, September 18 



to October 19; Sommedieu sector, November 

 7 to 11. It was 31 days in quiet sectors, ad- 

 vanced s x / 2 kilometers against resistance, cap- 

 tured 101 prisoners, and lost 251 killed and 

 973 wounded. 



This is the division which is mainly responsi- 

 ble for the adoption of these shoulder in- 

 signia. The wildcat, which it chose in May, 

 1918, is common in the mountains of the Caro- 

 linas. 



The cat is in different colors, according to 

 the brigade, as follows: Headquarters, Ma- 

 chine Gun Battalion, and Engineers, black; 

 One Hundred and Sixty-first Infantry Brigade, 

 white; One Hundred and Sixtv-second In- 

 fantry Brigade, light blue; One Hundred and 

 Fifty-sixth Field Artillery Brigade and Am- 

 munition Train, red; Field Signal Battalion, 

 orange; Sanitary Train, green, and Supply 

 Train, buff. 



79. Men from Georgia, Alabama, and Ten- 

 nessee comprised the Eighty-second Division, 

 stationed at Camp Gordon, "Georgia. It went 

 to France^ in May, 19 18, the second National 

 Army division to go overseas, and went into 

 the line on June 25, in the Lagny sector, bri- 

 gaded with the French, remaining there till 

 August 10; Marbache sector, August 17 to 

 September 20, including the St. Mihiel offen- 

 sive; Meuse-Argonne offensive, September 30 

 to October 31. It was 70 days in quiet and 

 27 in active sectors; advanced 17 kilometers 

 against resistance, captured 845 prisoners, and 

 lost 1,298 killed and 6,248 wounded. 



The letters "A. A." stand for All American, 

 the name by which the division was known. 

 These letters are in gold for officers and white 

 for enlisted men. 



80. The Eighty-third Division was formed 

 of men from Ohio and West Virginia and was 

 stationed at Camp Sherman, Ohio. It went to 

 France in June, 1918, and was a depot division 

 at Le Mans, sending 193,221 replacements to 

 the front. One regiment, the Thirty-third, 

 served in Italy and was in the battle of Vittorio- 

 Veneto. The insignia consists of the letters 

 of Ohio in monogram. 



81. The Eighty-fourth Division was formed 

 of men from Indiana, Kentucky, and southern 

 Illinois, and was stationed at Camp Taylor. 

 Kentucky. It went to France in September, 

 1918, but never got into the line. The insignia 

 was originally adopted for marking property 

 and baggage while in the L T nited States. 



82. The Eighty-fifth Division was formed 

 of men from Michigan and Wisconsin and 

 was stationed at Camp Custer. Michigan. It 

 went to France in August. [918, was a depot 

 division stationed at Cosnes, and sent 3,948 

 replacements to the front. It was known 

 as the Custer Division, in honor o\ General 

 Custer and also the camp at which it was 

 trained, the insignia consisting of the initials 

 C. D. One of the infantry regiments, the 

 Three Hundred and Thirty-ninth, served in 

 northern Russia. 



