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THE NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC MAGAZINE 



INSIGNIA OF TH£ SIBERIAN A. £. F. 



The shrapnel-shaped emblem is white, bor- 

 dered with dark blue. In f the center is a bear 

 (dark blue) on its haunches. The letter "S" in 

 white is for Siberia. (This insignia reached 

 America too late for reproduction in color.) 



stead of white, was adopted for the couriers 

 which connected the War Department in 

 Washington with General Headquarters in 

 France ; this was the only shoulder insignia 

 adopted by the War Department, and its origin 

 is due to the carrying of a small silver grey- 

 hound by the King's messengers of England 

 (who perform the same functions as our over- 

 seas couriers), for whom it is an open-sesame 

 when desiring quick transportation. 



108. The insignia of the Army Artillery 

 School was never approved by Headquarters. 

 The head is that of Minerva, goddess of war. 



ioo. The expedition to north Russia con- 

 sisted of the Three Hundred and Thirty-ninth 

 Infantry, a battalion of the Three Hundred 

 and Tenth Engineers, the Three Hundred and 

 Thirty-seventh Ambulance Company, the 

 Three Hundred and Thirty-seventh Field Hos- 

 pital, and the One Hundred and Sixty-seventh 



and One Hundred and Sixty-eighth Companies 

 of the Transportation Corps. The Infantry 

 arrived in Russia in August, 1918, the other 

 units at varying times up to April, 1919. The 

 expedition was withdrawn in June, 1919, re- 

 turning to the United States. The expedition 

 co-operated with the forces of the Allies in 

 their operations against the Bolshevist troops 

 and lost 109 killed in action and 305 wounded. 

 The maximum strength of the expedition was 

 5,630 on June 1, 1919. 



no. Camp Pontanezen was at Brest, through 

 which the majority of the A. E. F. passed on 

 their way home. The insignia represents the 

 duck boards necessitated by the mud at Brest. 



in. Before America entered the war a num- 

 ber of Americans were in the French motor 

 transport service ; they were later taken into 

 the United States Army, but a number were 

 left with the French, constituting the Reserve 

 Mallet, so named after the commanding officer, 

 Captain Mallet, of the French Army. 



112. The Thirteenth Engineers was a heavy 

 railroad regiment and operated around Verdun. 



113. The official colors of the Chemical War- 

 fare Service are cobalt blue and golden yellow, 

 and were selected because they are the colors 

 of the American Chemical Society. The shoul- 

 der insignia carries these colors on a shield. 



114. The Central Records office was the 

 clearing-house in the A. E. F. for the service 

 records of all the men. 



115. The chameleon was most appropriately 

 adopted as the symbol of the Camouflage Corps. 



116. The Railway Artillery Reserve con- 

 sisted of the very heavy guns on railroad 

 mounts which were used during all the major 

 operations. The insignia shows a mythical 

 bird, called an "oozlefinch," standing on a rail, 

 with* an epi (curved section of railroad track) 

 from which the guns were fired, above. 



117. A railhead is the point where the stand- 

 ard-gauge rails end near the front; from there 

 all supplies are taken to the front line by nar- 

 row-gauge railroads or by divisional trucks or 

 wagons. A regulating station is .the point on 

 a railroad where supplies, coming in bulk from 

 the main depots in the rear, are made up for 

 specific divisions and transhipped to the rail- 

 head. The insignia for these branches are 

 identical, except that the border for railheads 

 is yellow and for regulating stations is red. 



118. General Headquarters was at Chau- 

 mont. This insignia was selected by General 

 Pershing personally. 



119. The Service of Supply. — Both name and 

 insignia are self-explanatory. 



A SEQUEL TO THE FLAG BOOK 



THE foregoing article and illustrations on Military Insignia constitute an interesting sequel or supplement 

 * to the National Geographic Society's famous book, FLAG. 5 OF THE WORLD, issued originally as a 

 single number of the NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC MAGAZINE. The magazine edition of 725,000 was 

 long ago exhausted, but a few of the FLAG BOOKS may still be obtained from the Society's Washington 

 headquarters (see full-page announcement elsewhere in this number). The nearly 1,200 illustrations in color 

 of the flags of all nations, together with 300 illustrations in black and white which illuminate the FLAG 

 BOOK, were prepared by the same artists and printed with the same care as the 119 illustrations in color of 

 medals and insignia which accompany Colonel Wyllie's article reproduced here. 



