
ABORIGINES OF THE SOUTH-EasT OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA 463 
A few points of comparison between the census figures given in the above 
lists and those of Campbell and Nooue may be of interest. The present collection 
involved a larger number of camp sites than that examined by the previous 
workers, whose figures are given in parentheses: 
Bifaces, 7 (22); Knives and saws, 7 (61); Piercers, 8 (10) ; Discoid scrapers, 10 
(92) ; Semi-discoid gerapers, 52 (6) ; Casual scrapers, 99 (35) ; Nosed scrapers, 
53 (96); Side serapers, 172 (74); Concave scrapers, 65 (62); Carinate 
scrapers, 4 (34). Geometrie pieces: Segments, 69 (84); Triangles, 35 (36) ; 
Trapezes, 63 (35); Pereuters and Trimmers, 4 (36) ; Nuclei, 45 (18). Grind- 
ing slabs, ete, 3 (4), 
Grand total of implements collected during the work of Campbell and 
Noone and the present investigations, 2,756. 
During the present work, an appreciable eollection was made from the Belt 
site; but as this area had already been examined by a few other collectors, and 
especially by the intensive collecting of Campbell and Noone, a good deal of our 
material tends to include a certain amount of ‘‘second grade”’ specimens. 
The important problem of the rélative ages of implements as suggested by 
the different ‘‘weatherings’’ is discussed (by P.S.H.) in a later section of the 
paper dealing with geological notes, 
PART II, 
In February, 1945, a further trip to the Lower South-East was made by prac- 
tically the same team of workers as in 1944. For this more recent field work the 
region chosen was the Hundred of Kongorong in Connty Grey, which occupies the 
coastal area to the south-east of Lake Bonney and is ubout thirty miles. from 
the main area of the 1944 survey. (See map). 
The working party consisted of J, B, Cleland, T. D, Campbell, P. 8. Hossfeld, 
T, Vogelsang and Misses G, D. Walsh and A. Harvey. 
The main objects of the 1945 trip were (1) to study another part of the 
Lower South-Hast which would carry investigations to an associated area but 
further along the coast to the south-east; (2) to investigate the important Buan- 
dik biface implements recently described in these Records by Stapleton (1944) 
—who collected them many years ago—and. represented in the South Australian 
Museum by interesting specimens from the Kurtze collection; (3) to study the 
main soutees of fint material used for South-Hast implements; (4) to investigate 
the possible further southerly extension of mieroliths; and (5) to study in general 
the ecology of this group of the extinct Buandik aborigines. 
General Topography, The Hundred of Kongorong differs in several respects 
from the terrain similarly situated near the coast above Lake Bonney, In general, 
the Kongorong country adjacent to the ocean appears to be a better type for 
vegetable and animal life and thus for human ocowpancy. This is partly due to 
the fact that from the north end of Lake Bonney up to Robe (about fifty miles ta 
the north-west) the country lying between the sea and the Woakwine Range is 
mostly oceupied by a series of lakes and, in the past, by undrained, swampy flats. 
Another, and perhaps the chief factor, appears to be the occurrence at, or just 
beneath, the surface of Tertiary limestones, which here have produced soils of a 
better type in general than those produced further to the north-west from wind 
and ocean sorted sands and later swampy and lake deposits, 
