
ABORIGINES OF THE SOUTH-EAST OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA 469 
Stowe IMPLEMENTS. 
Material Used, With extremely few exceptions, all the implements collected 
were made from flint. This is only to be expected, as vast quantities of this 
suitable material were available close at hand on the eoast. 
Distribution. The main points conceriing the distribution of the various 
kinds of implements collected may be stated as follows: (1) The vast majority 
of mierolithie forms collected—at least 98%—oceurrred on the sites immediately 
adjacent to the shoreline, (2) The majority of the medium to large varieties— 
approximately 94%-—oceurred on the inland ridge sites. (3) The axehead or 
chopper type of tool in the torm of fiaked pebbles or large trimmed flakes were 
found mainly on the coastal sites, But, concerning these, it must also bef men- 
tionsd that Messrs. Kurtze had previously collected extensively over these areas 
and gathered only the large kind of implement. Thus it is likely that. many of 
these Buandik axeheads had gone before the present examination and those found 
represented the poorer ‘'leayings.’* 
The follawing lists give a census of the collection made on the present trip. 
But as the number of implements taken is appreciable, the classification must be 
considered somewhat tentative, as much mare intensive examination is required 
to make the study complete, 
Sorapars. Concave (14); Nosed (26); Side (47); Side with inverse trim- 
ming (4); Side, large irregular forms (26); Double-side, trimmed (19); End, 
with side trimming (20); End, with double side trimming (14) ; Flat end, some 
with side trimming (10), Serapers of tula-like trimmed flakes (46). Carinate 
(6); Carinate with point (1), Diseoida) (4); Discoidal biface trimmed (1); 
Semi-discoidal small, (16) ; Semi-discoidal, large (13), Bormra (2), Porcurers 
(6), Contcau Nucuer (10), 
Pounprrs. A point of importance is that yery few of these tools were found, 
Of special interest was a pebbie-like pounder about 10 ems, in diamter and 4. ems, 
thick, with a well-worn periphery and a central pitted depression on one side, 
It is of a highly siliceous granitic rock, a material from, probably over 100 miles 
away from the Black Rock coastal site on which the implement was found, One 
of the percuters was of unusual stone for this area— a piece of hard, red quartzite, 
probably from the Mt. Lofty Ranges. 
AxmmnAps, Buanprz Treg (Stapleton). Partly worked biface implements: 
Small size (up to 10 ems, in length), 9. Large size (most poorly worked, several 
broken), 19, 
AXEHEADS, Pouispep HNp. One half-portion of a polished-end axehead (made 
from basaltic rock) was found on the Kongorong Range, Site KR. 4. Also a 
small fragment of the polished end of a similar toal was found amoung the material 
collected from one of the coastal sites. We have since learnt that another of these 
polished axeheads has been found im this area. 
Laroz Cunaver (?) type of implement. Among the larger kinds of imple 
ments collected were eight specimens made from large irregular flint blocks 
(15 ems, to 20 ems,) poorly trimnied along one or more margins, 
Srecian Forms not included in the above list and meriting separate mentian : 
A large leaf-shaped flake (9-55-+5 ems.) with left margin trimmed. (See fig, 5), 
Wrom KR, 4 site, 
A large discoidal flake (9 ems.) with uniface marginal trimming. (See fig. 6). 
From LGR. site. 
A small bifaee worked tool (8-5 x 4 x 2 ems,), like a smal! Buandik axehead. 
(See fig. 7), From MP, site, 
