CROW. ].9 



ehimnies, for want of other convenience.* Independent of our own 

 Island, this bird is found in France, Austria, and many other parts 

 of Germany and Spain ; very frequent at Athens : common at Gib- 

 raltar, breeding in vast numbers on the loftiest precipices, and staying 

 throughout the year ; feeds on both vegetable and animal food ; 

 grapes, figs, corn, pulse, and shell-fish, frogs, young birds, eggs, 

 young poultry, and carrion ; will also, like the Raven, keep vora- 

 cious birds at a distance.f In most parts of the Continent, however, 

 it is more or less migratory ; common all over Russia and the West 

 of Siberia : but is seen in winter only in the South-%vest of Russia ; a 

 few beyond Lake Baikal. It is subject to some variety of plumage. 



A. — Collared Jackdaw, Gen. Syn.\. 379. A. 

 Helvetian Daw, Charlt. Ex. p. 75. No. 7. 



This differs in having a collar of white round the neck, and is 

 found in Switzerland. 



B.— White Jackdaw, Gen.Syn.i. 379. B. Ray's Letters, p. 108. 



Wholly white, with a yellowish bill. That recorded by Ray 

 was met with at Hurworth, near Croft Bridge. 



* A person in the Isle of Ely, having occasion to kindle a fire in a room, which had not 

 been used for some time, the chimney took fire, owing to the materials collected by the 

 Jackdaws, which were in such quantity, as to make it the greatest difficulty to prevent 

 the house itself from being destroyed. 



f Rev. Mr, White. 



D 2 



