ORIOLE. 99 



The female is one inch shorter. Head, neck, and breast wholly 

 brown ; over the eye a pale-coloured line ; lore black ; belly and 

 rump ash-colour ; upper and under tail coverts skirted with brown ; 

 wings black, edged with ferruginous: tail black, glossed with green. 



Young birds, of both sexes, have the feathers of the head, neck, 

 breast, and back, margined with ferruginous, the rest of the plumage 

 black, but less clear than in the adult. 



Inhabits various parts of America ; comes into Pennsylvania, from 

 the north, early in October, and associates with the Redwings, and 

 Cowpens, chiefly in the corn fields, and where grasshoppers are 

 plentiful, but is most fond of Indian corn; retires the middle of 

 November. In Georgia frequents plantations, and there called 

 Cowpen Blackbird. 



As this bird does not gain the full plumage the first year, it is 

 often seen mixed with the young ones, which have variegated 

 plumage, and will easily account for such being esteemed different 

 Species. Said to build in trees, at about eight feet from the ground, 

 making a nest of moss and grass, laying five dark-coloured eggs, 

 spotted with black ; is easily domesticated, but not frequently, as it 

 is not valued for having any song. 



The Yapu noir of Azara seems to be this. He mentions the 

 having a nest brought to him, found hanging at the ends of 

 branches, and saw another, made of rushes and other flexible 

 materials ; it was the size of that of the Crested Species, but narrower ; 

 in this was an egg almost round, white, marbled with deep brown : 

 the cry of this bird is Gaaa, at other times like the word Pupui ; is a 

 solitary and rare Species, only found in the deep thickets. The 

 three following appear to be the same, in different stages of plumage. 



A. — Turdus Hudsonicus, Ind. Orn. i. 362. Gm.Lin.i. 818. Vieill. Amer.'n. p. 16. 

 Hudsonian Thrush, Gen. Syn. Sup. 143. Arct. Zool. ii. No. 204. 



Length seven inches and a half. Plumage black, every feather 



more or less edged with chestnut : probably a young female. 



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