S. I. Smith — Crustacea of the Albatross Dredgings. 55 



A very remarkable case is that of Para.pagurus pilosimanus, 

 which was taken at fifteen stations and in 250 to 640 fathoms 

 by the Fish Hawk and Blake in 1 880-81-82, and in great 

 abundance at one station, in 319 fathoms, where nearly four 

 hundred large specimens were taken at once. All these earlier 

 specimens were inhabiting carcincecia of Epizoanthus paguri- 

 philus. In the dredgings last summer the Parapagurus was 

 taken at seven stations ranging in depth from 1731 to 2221 

 fathoms, but none of the specimens were associated with the 

 same species of Epizoanthus, some being in a very different 

 species of Epizoanthus, others in naked gastropod shells, and 

 still others in an actinian polyp. 



A striking characteristic of the deep-sea Crustacea is their red 

 or reddish color. A few species are apparently nearly colorless, 

 but the great majority are some shade of red or orange, and I 

 have seen no evidence of any other bright color. A few species 

 from between 100 and 300 fathoms are conspicuously marked 

 with scarlet or vermilion, but such bright markings were not 

 noticed in any species from below 1000 fathoms. Below this 

 depth, orange red of varying intensity is apparently the most 

 common color, although in several species, very notably in the 

 Notostomus already referred to, the color was an exceedingly 

 intense dark crimson. 



The eyes of these abyssal species are even more remarkable 

 than their colors, as the following list of the Decapoda and 

 larger Schizopoda taken below 2000 fathoms by the Albatross, 

 with the notes which follow, will show : 



1. Parapagurus pilosimanus 1*731 to 2221 fathoms. 



2. Pontophilus abyssi 1917 to 2221 



3. Nematocarcinus ensiferus 588 to 2030 



4. Acanthephyra Agassizii 105 to 2949 



5. Acanthephyra, sp. .. 2929 



6. Gen. allied to Acanthephyra. 1395 to 2929 



7. Hymenodora glacialis 888 to 2030 



8. Parapasiphae sulcatifrons ... 516 to 2929 



9. Parapasiphae compta 2369 



10. Amalopenaeus elegans 640 to 2369 



11. Aristeus? tridens 843 to 2221 



12. Hepomadus tener 2949 



13. Sergestes mollis 373 to 2949 



14. Gnathophausa, sp .. 858 to 2033 



15. Gnathophausa, sp 959 to 2949 



16. Lophogaster, sp. 1022 to 2949 



In every one of these sixteen species the eyes are present, in 

 the normal position, and distinctly faceted. In Nos. 3, 4, 5, 6, 

 11 and 12 the eyes are well developed, black, and while some- 

 what smaller than in the average Palsernonidse and Peoaaidas, 



