625 



Ef)£ Crratfurg ai 2S0tang. 



[iPOM 



fleshy disk, five stamens, and a two-celled 

 ovary immersed in the disk. [J. T. SJ 



IONE. A genus of epiphytal orchids 

 from the Himalayas, numbering seven spe- 

 cies. They are tufted plants, three to nine 

 inches high, with pseudohulbs hearing a 

 single coriaceous leaf, and a radical flower- 

 scape ending in a spike of small white or 

 violet flowers. The lip is narrow like the 

 sepals, and there are four pollen-masses 

 attached to two distinct glands. Dr. Lind- 

 ley remarks that with the habit of Bolbo- 

 phyUum, this genus unites the glands and 

 pollen-masses of Angrcecum. Its long 

 membranous two-lipped calyx, dwarf pe- 

 tals, and large lip with fleshy axis usually 

 extended into a dagger-shaped point, are 

 very unlike anything belonging to the 

 neighbouring genera. He also notes tliat 

 it forms a transition from Vandece to Ma- 

 laxidece. [A. A. B.] 



IONIDIUM. An extensive genus of 

 1 1 Yiolacea?, whose species are natives for the 

 h most part of subtropical America. Their 

 I flowers are characterised by the sepals not 

 i being extended at the base ; by the Ave un- 

 ! equal petals, one of which is much larger 

 | than the rest ; and by the detached sta- 

 ! mens. The roots of some of the species 

 1 contain emetin, and may be used, there- 

 fore, instead of ipecacuanha. What is 

 called White Ipecacuanha consists of the 

 roots of I. Ipecacuanha. Another species, 

 famed in Peru for the cure of tubercular 

 elephantiasis, is I. microphyllum, whose 

 roots act powerfully as emetics and purga- 

 tives. The root of 7. suffruticosum, an 

 Indian plant, is likewise used medicinally 

 in diseases of the urinary organs, and the 

 leaves as external applications. CM. T. MJ 



IOXOPSIDIUM. A genus of Cruciferce, 

 '■ containing extremely small Portuguese 

 and Algerian annual plants, with scarcely 

 any stem, numerous long-stalked small 

 roundish root leaves, and scape-like flower- 

 stalks, each bearing a small white or pur- 

 • plish flower. The pouch is roundish, late- 

 rally compressed, slightly notched at the 

 apex, with keeled wingless valves more 

 tur?id than is usual among the genera, in 

 which the partition is in the narrowest 

 diameter of the pouch, whence the plant 

 used to be placed in Cochlearia though 

 really alhed to Capsella. [J. T. SJ 



IONOP8IS. A small genus of elegant 

 little epiphytal orchids of tropical Ame- 

 rica. They are stemless plants, having 

 small pseudohulbs emitting wiry roots, a 

 few lance-shaped leaves, and an erect 

 slender flower-scape, ending in a pani- 

 cle of numerous small pink or white 

 flowers, resembling those of a violet in 

 form— whence the generic name. The 

 sepals and petals are small and connivent ; 

 the lip large, fan-shaped, two-lobed at the 

 apex, and slightly spurred at the base ; 

 and there are two pollen-masses attached 

 to the end of a linear caudicle with an 

 oblong gland at the base. Their delicate 

 Sowers remain for a long time expanded 

 I without fading. [A. A. B.] 



IP^BRANCO. Patagonula vulneraria. 

 IPECAC. AMERICAN. G-illenia siipu- 

 lacea. —, WILD. Euphorbia Ipecacuan- 

 ha. 



IPECACUANHA. The root of Cephaelis 

 Ipecacuanha, — , BASTARD. Asclepias 

 curassavica. — , BLACK, or PERUVIAN. 

 Psychotria emetica. — , FALSE BRAZI- 

 LIAN, lonidium Ipecacuanha. — , GUI- 

 ANA. Boerhaavia decumbens. — , STRIA- 

 TED. Psychotria emetica. —, UNDULA- 

 TED. Bichardsonia scabra. —, VENE- 

 ZUELA. Sarcostemma glaucum. — , 

 WHITE. lonidium Ipecacuanha; also 

 Bichardsonia scabra. — s WILD. Ascle- 

 pias curassavica. 



IPECACUANHA DES ALLEMANDS. 

 (Fr.) Vincetoxicum officinale. 



IPE-TABACCO, or IPEUNA. Names 

 given to certain hard-wooded species of 

 Bignonia, in Brazil. 

 IPHIGENIA. A genus of Liliacece from 

 i India, with the habit of the Australian 

 ; genus Anguillaria, from which it differs 

 ! by its introrse anthers, and styles united 

 1 ap the base. They are glaucous herbs, 

 ! with coated bulbs, erect leafy stems, and a 

 l three-flowered or racemose inflorescence ; 

 ; the perianth deciduous coloured with 

 1 linear divisions spreading like a star, the 

 filaments hairy, the style with three stig- 

 mas. [J. T. SJ 

 IPIE. Bassia latifolia. 

 IPO. A Malay name for the Upas poison. 

 IPOILEA. A large genus of Convolvu- 

 lacea, widely distributed over all warm 

 climates, with a few species extending 

 into North America, and into extratropical 

 Africa and Australia. They are twining 

 prostrate creeping or rarely low and erect 



Ipomaea batatoides. 



herbs, occasionally woody at the base, very 

 rarely shrubby, with entire, lobed, or di- 

 vided leaves, and generally large and 

 showy flowers in the axils of the leaves, in 

 small cymes, rarely solitary. The flowers 

 have a calyx of five sepals ; a campanulate 

 or tubular corolla with a spreading entire 

 or angular limb, rarely deeply lobed : five 



