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HYPOCALYMMA. A genus of myrtace- 

 ous shrubs, indigenous at the Swan River. 

 The leaves are narrow with a sharp spine 

 at their extremity ; and the flowers are 

 rose-coloured, in heads, the tube of the 

 calyx bell-shaped, the petals five with 

 short stalks, and the stamens numerous 

 attached like the petals to the throat of 

 the calyx. [M. T. M.] 



HYPOCALYPTTJS. A South African 

 genus of Leguminosce, consisting of a 

 single species, H. obcordatus, a handsome 

 bush or small tree with angular stems, 

 "ifoliolate leaves, having obversely heart- 

 shaped leaflets, and stiff erect racemes of 

 numerous purple pea-flowers terminating 

 the twigs. The standard, which has a 

 white spot at its base, is longer than the 

 keel ; and the narrow and smooth many- 

 seeded pod is about two inches long. The 

 two latter characters distinguish it from 

 Loddigesia and its other allies. [A. A. B.] 

 HYPOCHiERIS. A family of herbaceous 

 { plants belonging to the cichoraceous di- 

 ! vision of compound flowers. The charac- 

 ! ters of the genus are: pappus feathery; 

 receptacle with chaffy scales; involucre 

 unequally imbricated ; fruit striated, often 

 beaked. H. radicata, the long-rooted Cat's- 

 ear, is a very common weed in pastures, 

 rising to about the height of the crop 

 among which it grows ; the leaves are 

 runcinate and very rough, and the stems 

 generally bear several large yellow flower- 

 heads, which are sometimes so abundant 

 as to give a tint to the field in which it 

 grows. It is a weed of no interest, 

 rather mischievous than otherwise, from 

 usurping the places of more nutritious 

 fodder. H. metadata, a more robust plant 

 found on the magnesian rocks of the Lizard 

 Point, on the limestone of Ormeshead, and 

 a few other places on chalk, generally bears 

 a single very large flower-head. French, 

 Porcelle ; German, Saukraut. [C. A. J.] 



HYPOCHIL, HYPOCHILIUM. The 

 lower part of the lip of certain orchids. 



HYPOCRATERIFORM. Having a long 

 slender tube and a flat limb ; as in the 

 flower of the primrose. 



HYPOCYRTA. A genus of Gesneracece, 

 containing a few species, natives of South 

 America. They areprocumbent, sometimes 

 erect, undershrubs, throwing out roots 

 from below the origin of the opposite and 

 fleshy leaves. The flowers are axillary, 

 and solitary or several together, with a 

 deeply five-parted calyx, and" an urn-shaped 

 corolla gibbous behind at the base, the 

 limb unequally five-lobed or five-toothed; 

 there are four stamens, and the ovary is 

 surrounded by a disk which swells on one 

 %ide into a gland. The fruit is aone-celled 

 berry. [W. C.J 



HYPODEMATITJM. Lastrea. 

 HYPODERMIS. The inner layer of the 

 spore-case of an urn-moss. 



HYPODERRTS. A penus of polypodia- 

 ceous ferns, allied to Woodsia, with which 



it agrees in having globose involucrate 

 sori, and in the involucre being membra- 

 naceous, calyciform, and fringed at the 

 edge. It is, however, at once distin- 

 guished by its compoundly anastomosing 

 venation. In its aspect, moreover, it is 

 quite dissimilar to Woodsia, the only spe- 

 cies, H. Brownii, being a West Indian plant 

 with simple or three-Iobed coarse-looking 

 fronds, having much more the appearance 

 of some Aspidium. The venal areoles en- 

 close free divaricate sterile veinlets ; and 

 the sori are compital, i.e. seated at the 

 points where several veins meet. [T. M.] 



HYPODISCUS. A genus of Restiacece, 

 allied to Willdenowia, differing in having 

 the male spikes many-flowered. The disk 

 of the female flowers (in one-flowered 

 spikes) is crenated or waved. They are 

 natives of the Cape of Good Hope. [J. T. S.] 



HYPOESTES. A considerable genus of 

 Acanthacece, dispersed over Africa, tropi- 

 cal Asia, and Australia, and remarkably 

 abundant in Madagascar. They are shrubs 

 or small trees with entire or dentate leaves, 

 and large purple or rose-coloured flowers 

 in axillary clusters or short spikes, often 

 numerous and forming a terminal leafy 

 thyrse. The flowers are contained in a 

 calyx-like involucre of four more or less 

 united bracts ; the calyx is flve-lobed ; the 

 corolla is two-lipped, with the upper lip 

 entire or notched and the lower three- 

 lobed ; there are two stamens with, one- 

 celled anthers ; and the capsule is com- 

 pressed and seedless below, but towards 

 the apex enlarged and two-celled, contain- 

 ing four tuberculated seeds. Nearly forty 

 species have been described. [W. C] 



HYPOG^EI. A natural order of gastero- 

 mycetous Fungi, distinguished by their 

 hymenium resembling the crumb of bread, 

 and by their subterranean habit. Some have 

 a distinct peridium, while others are totally 

 destitute of any covering, and depart from 

 the characters of the tribe to which they 

 belong. They differ from real truffles in 

 the fruit consisting of naked spores. The 

 genera and species are numerous, and con- 

 fined to temperate regions. Australia and 

 North America produce two or three spe-. 

 cies. Melanogaster ambiguus is used as a 

 substitute for truffles, and is sold in the 

 market at Bath. Several have an extremely 

 offensive smell. These and other fungi 

 of a similar habit have been most exqui- 

 sitely illustrated in a separate work by the 

 Messrs. Tulasne. [M. J. BJ 



HYPOG^EOUS. Growing under the 

 earth. 



HYPOGYNOUS. Growing from below 

 the base of the ovary. 



HYPOL^ENA. A genus of Restiacece 

 from South Australia, with the habit of 

 Restio. Steins branched, with the male 

 flowers amentaceous ; female plants with 

 the flowers in an imbricated spike, termi- 

 nal and solitary ; style two or three-parted, 

 deciduous. [J. T. S.j 



