lamb] 



£J)C Crcatfurg at 33atang. 



658 I 



] expansion, which iseither simple or cloven, j 

 The stem is either short or elongated, and i 

 is sometimes of considerable thickness, and I 

 either naked or fringed with a crisped ex- | 

 pansion. Some of the species, a.sL. digitata 

 and L. bulbosa, attain an immense size, and 

 together with L. saceharina, which is com- 

 monly brought away from the coast to 

 answer the purpose of an hygrometer, 

 yield an enormous supply for the prepara- 

 tion of manure or kelp. One peculiarity 



I about these plants is that the old lamina an- 

 nually falls off by means of a constriction, 

 and is replaced by a new frond formed 

 from the part beneath. The species delight 

 in the colder seas of the north, and are usu- 

 ally exposed only at low tides. [M. J. BJ 



LAMINATING. Separating into several 

 plates or layers. 



LAMIUM. A genus of herbaceous labiate 

 plants distinguished by having four sta- 

 mens, of which the lower pair are longest ; 

 hairy anthers, the cells of which diverge 

 and burst longitudinally ; and a corolla of 

 two lips, of which the upper is arched and 

 entire, the lower spreading, two-lobed, and 

 mostly furnished with one or two teeth on 

 each side. The commonest species, L. album, 

 Dead-nettle, received its English name from 

 the resemblance borne by its leaves to 

 those of the true nettle, from which, how- 

 ever, it may be distinguished at any stage 

 of its growth by its square stem. L. pur- 

 pureum is a common weed in hedges and 

 cultivated land. French, Lamier ; German, 

 Taubnessel. [0. A. J.] 



LAMOUROUXIA. A genus of Scrophula- 

 riacece, distinguished by a four-cleft calyx ; 

 by a corolla with an elongated somewhat 

 flattened tube, dilated below the throat, 

 and the small three-lobed lower lip shorter 

 than the concave upper one ; and by trans- 

 verse hairy anthers with the cells unusually 

 mucronate. The species are natives of 

 Mexico or of the Andes of South America ; 

 they are all herbs, either erect or some- 

 what climbing, with opposite toothed or 

 divided leaves, rarely quite entire, and 

 handsoine flowers, usually scarlet or pink, 

 in terminal spikes or racemes. There are 

 about eighteen species known, most of 

 them very showy plants. None have, how- 

 j ever, been yet brought into cultivation, 

 I and indeed it is probable that they are more 

 or less parasitical on the roots, of other 

 plants, and therefore scarcely capable of 

 being cultivated. 



LAMPOURDE or L. GLOUTERON. 

 (Fr.) Xanthium, Strumarium. 



LAMPRA. A genus of Commclynacece 

 from Mexico. They have erect leafy stems, 

 with the lower leaves reduced to sheaths, 

 the upper numerous and lanceolate, and 

 I numerous flowers in a sessile head among 

 the leaves. [J. T. S.] 



LAMPRETTE. (Fr.) Lychnis Flos-cuculi. 



LAMPSANE. (Fr.) Lapsana. 



LANA, LANUGO (adj. LANATE, LA- 

 i NUGINOSE). Long, dense, curled, and 



annual, sometimes cultivated in botanical 

 gardens. It is a native of the south of 

 Europe and north of Africa. [D. M.] 



LAMBERTIA. A proteaceous genus of 

 small shrubs, natives of extra-tropical 

 Australia, principally on the south and 

 south-west coasts. The flowers are regular, 

 solitary or in clusters, with a four-cleft 

 tubular calyx, the segments of which bear 

 each an anther ; and a filiform style with a 

 pointed stigma. The prevailing colour is 

 dark red with occasionally an orange tint. 

 The seed-vessel is ovate, leathery, often 

 bristly, containing two winged seeds. 

 The leaves are entire or toothed, either 

 in threes or verticillate. [R. H.] 



LAMBKJLL. An American name for 

 Ealmia angustifolia. 

 LAMBRUSQUE. (Fr.) Vitis Labrusca. 



LAMB'S QUARTERS. Atriplex patula; 

 in America, Chenopodium album. 



LAMB'S TOE. Anthyllis Vulneraria. 



LAMB'S TONGUE. Plantago media. 



LAMELLA (adj. LAMELLAR). A plate 

 or thin part such as is found at the end of 

 many styles. 



LAMELLAE, LAMINAE, LAMELLULiE. 

 The gills of fungals : vertical membra- 

 nous radiating or branching plates be- 

 longing to a pileus. 



LAMIACEiE. Lindley's name for the 

 LabiatoB : which see. 



LAMINA. The blade of a leaf ; that ex- 

 panded part which terminates the petiole, 

 if there be one. 



LAMINARIACE^E. A natural order of 

 dark-spored Algce, consisting of olive- 

 coloured inarticulate sea-weeds, whose 

 spores are superficial and form indefinite 

 cloud-like patches, or cover the whole sur- 

 face of the frond. Most of them are of con- 

 siderable size, except Chorda which attains 

 a great length, and Adenocystis. Some, 

 like Lessonia, form submarine forests with 

 stems as thick as a man's thigh, while Macro' 

 cystis by repeated division attains a length 

 of hundreds of feet. One of the most re- 

 markable is Nereocystis,wh\ch occurs on the 

 north-west coast of America, and has a stem 

 300 feet long, which bears above a huge 

 air-vessel six or seven feet long, shaped 

 like a great cask, and ending in a tuft of 

 upwards of fifty forked leaves. This is the 

 favourite resting-place of the sea-otter. 

 Ecklonia buccinalis, again, the Trumpet 

 Weed of the Cape colonists, has a stem 

 twenty feet high crowned with a fan- 

 shaped cluster of leaves more than half as 

 long. The stem, which is hollow above, is 

 often used as a siphon or converted into a 

 trumpet. These plants are mostly deep-sea 

 Algce, and occur in either hemisphere, both 

 in colder and warmer seas. [M. J. B.] 



LAMINARIA. An important genus of 

 dark-spored Algce, the type of the natural 

 order Laminar iaeece. It has no definite 

 leaves, but on the contrary a plane ribless 



