the subclass Petaloidece, and constituting 

 the type of Lindley's lilial alliance of Endo- 

 gens. Herbs, shrubs, or trees, with bulbs, 

 corms, rhizomes, or fibrous roots, simple 

 sheathing or clasping leaves, and regular 

 flowers. Perianth coloured, of six leaves 

 or six-cleft ; stamens six, inserted on the 

 perianth, the anthers introrse ; ovary 

 three-celled ; style one ; stigma simple or 

 three-lobed. Fruit three-celled, capsular, or 

 succulent ; seeds in one or two rows, 

 sometimes in pairs or solitary; albumen 

 fleshy. They are natives both of temperate 

 and tropical regions, and emetic, purgative, 

 and diaphoretic in their qualities. Certain 

 species of Aloe supply the aloes used in 

 medicine. Urginea Scilla furnishes a bulb 

 which is used medicinally under the name 

 of squill. New Zealand flax is prepared 

 from Plwrmium tenax. Onions, leeks, 

 garlic, chives, shallot, rocambole, tulips, 

 the resin called dragon's blood, &c, are all 

 furnished by plants belonging to this ex- 

 tensive order, which comprises upwards 

 of 150 genera and 1,200 species. Tulipa, 

 Agapanthus, Yucca, Hyacinthus, Aspho- 

 delus, and Dracama, are examples of the 

 principal groups. [J. H. B.] 



LILIUM. The genus which gives its 

 name to the order Liliacece. It embraces 

 a considerable number of species, all of 

 which belong to the northern hemisphere, 

 and, with the exception of the few found 

 in the mountains of sub-tropical Asia, to 

 the temperate regions. Several are Japan- 

 ese, and from that country our gardens 

 have lately been enriched with certainly 

 the finest species of the genus, L. auratum, 

 the stem of which, two to five feet high, 

 bears a dozen or more magniflcent flowers, 

 each as much as a foot across, studded 

 with purple spots and blotches on an ivory- 

 white ground, their sepals and petals being 

 also marked with a conspicuous stripe of 

 yellow down their middle. Other Japanese 

 species, such as L. lancifolium, L. speciosum, 

 and L.japonicum, are also in much request 

 in our gardens on account of the beauty 

 of their flowers. L. candidum, the White 

 Lily and the Krinon of the Greeks, and L. 

 chalcedonicum, are both found in Palestine, 

 Syria, and other Eastern countries, and 

 are sometimes pointed out as the Lilies 

 of the Field ; but as the true lilies do not 

 form a very conspicuous feature in Eastern 

 scenery, it has been suggested that the 

 plant alluded to by our Saviour was Ane- 

 mone coronaria, which is there extremely 

 abundant, and would be more likely to at- 

 tract attention. The bulbs of several spe- 

 cies are eaten, such as those of L. kamt- 

 schatkense in Kamtsehatka, of L. Martagon 

 by the Cossacks, of L. tigrinum, the Tiger 

 Lily, and others, in China and Japan. Some 

 medicinal uses have also been ascribed to 

 various species, but none have any very 

 marked properties in that respect. 



All Lilies are herbs with scaly bulbs, 

 whence arise tall slender stems, furnished 

 with alternate or somewhat whorled leaves, 

 and bearing upon their summit a few large, 

 showy, erect or drooping flowers. These 



flowers have a perianth of six distinct or 

 very slightly cohering segments, which are 

 narrow and erect at the bottom, but broader, 

 and spread or curve outwards towards the 

 top ; and at the base of the perianth the 

 six stamens are inserted. Their three- 

 celled ovary terminates in an elongated 

 style bearing a three-angled or three-lobed 

 stigma; and ripens into a three-valved 

 capsule containing numerous horizontal 

 winged seeds. [A. SJ 



LILY. Lilium. — , AFRICAN. Aga- 

 panthus umbellatus. — , ATAMASCO. 

 Zephyranthes Atamasco. — , BARBADOS. 

 Hippeastrum equestre. —, BELLADONNA. 

 Amaryllis Belladonna, the Belladonna pur- 

 purascens of some modern botanists. — , 

 BLACKBERRY. An American name for 

 Pardanthus chinensis. — , BOURBON. 

 Lilium candidum. — , BRISBANE. Eury- 

 cles australasica. — , -CAPE COAST. Cri- 

 num spectabile. — , CORFU. A local name 

 for Funkia subcordata. — , CUBAN. Scilla 

 peruviana. — , DAY. Hemerocallis. — , 

 FIRE or FLAME. Pyrolirion. —, FLAX. 

 Plwrmium tenax. — , GOLDEN. Lycoris. 

 — , GUERNSEY. Nerine sarniensis. — , 

 IXIA. Ixiolirion. — , JACOBEA. Spre- 

 kelia or Amaryllis formosissima. — , 

 KNIGHT'S-STAR. Hippeastrum. — ,LENT. 

 Narcissus Pseudo-Narcissus. — , MEXICAN. 

 Hippeastrum reginw. —OF THE VALLEY. 

 Cimvallariamajalis. — .PERSIAN. Fritil- 

 lariapersica. — , POND. Nuphar. — , ROCK. 

 Selaginella convoluta. — , ST. BRUNO'S. 

 AuthcricumLiliastrum— .SCARBOROUGH. 

 Vallota purpurea. — , SUPERB. Metlwnica 

 superba. — , SWAMP. Zephyranthes. — , 

 TRUMPET. Bichardia cethiopica. — , 

 TURK'S CAP. Lilium Martagon. — , WA- 

 TER. Nymphcea. — , WHITE. Lilium 

 candidum. 



LILY-PINK. Aphyllanthes. 



LILY-THORN. Catesbcea. 



LILYWORTS. Lindley's name for the 

 Liliaceai. 



LIMATODIS. A genus of Orcliidacem, 

 nearly allied to Calanthe, from which it 

 differs in having the lip quite free from 

 the column instead of being united with it. 

 It contains a few terrestrial species, na- 

 tives of India and Java, the most familiar 

 of them being L. rosea, a Moulmein plant 

 with fusiform pseudobulbs, oblong lanceo- 

 late plaited leaves, and a many-flowered 

 scape of very handsome bright rose-co- 

 loured flowers, having a straight blunt 

 spur, and an oblong flat lip. [T. M.] 



LIMA-WOOD. The finest description of 

 Nicaragua wood {Casalpinia echinatu) pro- 

 duced in South America. 



LIMB. The flat expanded part of a 

 petal. 



LIMBATE. Having one colour, sur- 

 rounded by an edging of another. 



LIME. Citrus acida. — , OGECHEE. 

 Nyssa candrcans. — , SWEET. Citrus Li- 

 metta. — , WILD. Atalantia monophylla. 



LIME TREE. Tilia europwa. 



