.LONTAR. The Palmyra Palm, Borassus 

 flabeiliformis. 



LOODH. An Indian name for Symploeos 

 racemosa or laurina, the bark of which 

 forms a mordant for red dyes. 



LOOF. Luffa cegyptiaea, the interior 

 netted fibres of which are used in Turkish 

 baths as flesh-rubbers. 



LOOKING-GLASS TREE. Heritiera. 



LOOSESTRIFE. Lysimachia. — , COM- ' 

 MOX. Lvthrum Salicaria. -, FALSE. , 

 Li'riinaia. — , SWAMP. Decodon. — , 

 TUFTED. Xaumburgia. — /WEST-INDIAN. 

 Jussicea suffruticosa. 



LOPEZIA. A genus of annuals belong- 

 ing to the Onogracece, and distinguished by 

 having two filaments, of which one bears an ; 

 anther, the other is petal-like and abortive ; : 

 the seed-vessel is four-valved, four-celled, 

 many-seeded. There are several species, 

 all natives of Mexico, bearing alternate | 

 rarely opposite toothed leaves, and ter- i 

 minal racemes of small purple or red 

 flowers. [C. A. J.] 



LOPHANTHERA. The name of a Bra- 

 zilian tree, constituting a genus of MaJpi- 

 ghiacece. The leaves are opposite, with 

 two stipules combined into one long axil- 

 lary scale. The stamens are double the 

 number of the petals, their anthers sur- 

 mounted by a crestlike appendage; and 

 the fruit is stalked, smooth, not winged, 

 and divided into three lobes, each of which 

 divides into two pieces. [M. T. MJ 



LOPHANTHUS. A genus of the labiate 

 order, distinguished by having the tube 

 of the corolla as long as the calyx,, its 

 upper lip slightly notched, the lower hav- 

 ing its middle lobe broad, with prominent 



j convex divisions on its edge. The species 

 are herbaceous, natives of North America 



I and Eastern Siberia. The name is from 

 the Greek words signifying crest and 

 flower, to indicate the peculiar character 

 of the corolla. [G. E.] 



LOPHIOLA A genus of the group 

 WachendorfecB, which is sometimes refer- 

 red to the Liliacece, but more usually to 

 Hcrraodoracece. It is a slender perennial, 

 found in the warmer parts of the United 

 States, with creeping rootstocks, narrow 

 equitant root-leaves, and flowers in a 

 crowded cyme at the top of a leafless scape, 

 the upper part of which and the exterior of 

 the yellowish perianth are densely woolly. 

 The perianth is deeply six-cleft, with 

 spreading divisions. [J. T. S.] 



LOPHIR.ACE.E, LOPHIRA. A natural 

 order and genus of dicotyledonous plants 

 belonging to Lindley's guttiferal alliance 

 of hypogynous Exogens. Branching trees 

 with alternate entire stipulate leaves, 

 jointed petioles, and panicled regular yel- 

 low flowers with jointed pedicels. Sepals 

 five, the three inner smaller, the two outer 

 becoming expanded like wings; petals 

 five, twisted in aestivation ; stamens nume- 

 rous, the filaments short, and the anthers 



adnate; disk none; ovary conical, one- 

 celled ; ovules numerous on a free basal pla- 

 centa ; stigmas two. Fruit a coriaceous 

 nut, spindle-shaped, one-celled, one-seeded. 

 Trees from tropical Africa. There is only 

 one known genus, viz. Lophira. [J. H. B.] 



LOPHODIUM. Lastrea. 



LOPHOGYjSTE. The name of a genus of 

 Brazilian Podostemacece, having the appear- 

 ance of liverworts or mosses. It would 

 seem as though they had no true stem or 

 leaves, but in their place a frond or thallus 

 variously divided, on which are placed at 

 irregular intervals the flowers, supported 

 by little nerves or bundles of cells hidden 

 in the substance of the frond. The flowers 

 have a small number of free stamens, and 

 a striated ovary, the stigmas of which are 

 dilated and membranous, forming a sort 

 of crest. [M. T. M.] 



LOPHOL^ENA. A South African gla- 

 brous undershrub with entire leaves, form- 

 ing a genus of Compositce closely allied to 

 the discoid species of Senecio, but differ- 

 ing chiefly in the involucre, which has 

 only Ave broad leafy scales, and in the long 

 subulate appendages to the branches of the 

 style. 



LOPHOLEPIS. GoniopMebium. 



LOPHOPETALUM. A genus of Celas- 

 tracece, consisting of three or four shrubs 

 from tropical Asia, allied to Euonymus, 

 but differing chiefly in the cells of the 

 ovary always containing more than two 

 ovules. 



LOPHOPHYTUM. A genus of Bala- 

 nophoracece, consisting of fleshy species 

 with a thick rootstock attached to the 

 roots of trees, and clothed in its upper 

 part with overlapping scales. From this 

 rises the flower-stalk, which at its upper 

 end is divided into pimple-like branches 

 provided with deciduous bracts ; along 

 these branches the flowers are arranged, 

 the males having free stamens, and the 

 females two styles. The inflorescence and 

 flowers are stated by Dr. Hooker to resem- 

 ble those of Gunnera scabra. One species 

 is said to be eaten in Bolivia. [M. T. MJ 



LOPHOSORTA. AlsopUla. 



LOPHOSPERMUM. A genus of Scro- 

 phulariacete, of the tribe AniirrMnece, dis- 

 tinguished by afive-cleftherbaceous calyx ; 

 by a large tubular corolla, without any 

 spur or pouch, and not closed at the throat 

 as in Antirrhinum, but marked with two 

 longitudinal hairy lines ; by the globular 

 capsule, each cell opening in an irregular 

 pore below the apex ; and by the seeds sur- 

 rounded by a fringed wing. There are 

 two species, L. erubescens and L. scandens, 

 both natives of Mexico, and both intro- 

 duced into our gardens, where they are 

 highly ornamental as herbaceous climbers 

 with showy pink or red flowers. They 

 support themselves by the petioles of their 

 softly hairy triangular or cordate coarsely 

 toothed leaves, and by their long often 

 twisted axillary peduncles. 



