a radicle scape bearing a few small ringgnt 



rose-and-white flowers. 



[A. S.] 



CEDEMA. A swelling; the so-called 

 tumid glands found on the woody tissue 

 of conifers. 



CEDIPODIUM. A most interesting genus 

 of mosses belonging to the natural order 

 Splachnei. differing from the rest not only 

 in its toothless peristome, hut in the swel- 

 ling at the hase of the capsule (apophysis) 

 being confluent with hoth capsule and stem. 

 The columella, moreover, is strongly de- 

 veloped and dilated at the apex, and the 

 spores do not radiate from it. CE. Grifflthi- 

 anum, the only species, is not like the 

 other Splaclmei decidedly an inhabitant 

 of dung, but grows in the crevices of Al- 

 pine rocks, where it attracts notice from 

 its pale very obtuse leaves. It is found 

 rarely in Europe, and occurs in several 

 localities in Great Britain. [M. J. B.] 



CEDOGOXIUM. A curious genus of green- 

 spored Algce belonging to the natural order 

 Conjugate?, hut producing fruit by the di- 

 vision of a cell and not by the junction of 

 the cells of two contiguous threads. The 

 propagation is very much like that de- 

 scribed under Bulbocha?te, except that the 

 product of impregnation is a simple zoo- 

 spore which throws out rootlike holdfasts 

 at the hase as soon as it hecomes station- 

 ary, and is not resolved, as in Bulbochcete, 

 into four distinct spores. The spores of 

 OEdogonium, though at first green, often he 

 come of the most brilliant red. Multipli 

 cation sometimes takes place hy the divi- 

 sion of the threads, which is readily effected 

 from the peculiar structure of the dissepi- 

 ments. The species are numerous. Few 

 foreign species have been ohserved at pre- 

 sent, so tbat we know little or nothing of 

 their geographical limits. Tesiculifera of 

 Hassall is the same genus. [M. J. B.] 



CEIL DE BCEUF. (Fr.) Anthemis tinc- 

 toria ; also applied to Chrysanthemum Leu- 

 canthemum, the species of Btiphtho.lmum, 

 and Adonis autumn a.lis. — DE BOCRIQCE 

 The seeds of Mucuna urens. — DE CHAT. 

 The seeds of Guilandina Bonduc. — DE 

 CHRIST. Aster Amellus. — DE OISEAU, 

 or DE PERDRIX. Adonis aestivalis. - 

 DE PAOX. Anemone Pavonina. — DU 

 SOLEIL. Tulipa Oculis solis. 



CEILLET. (Fr.) Dianthus. — A BOU- 

 QUET, or A RATAFIA. Dianthus Caryo- 

 phyllus. — BADIX. Dianthus hispanicus. 

 — DE DIEU. Lychnis Flos Jovis, and L. 

 corona ria : also Agrostemma Githago. — 

 D1XDE. Tageteserecta. - D'lXDE TACH- 

 ETE. Togetes signata. — DE POETE. 

 Dianthus barbatns. — DES CHARTREUX. 

 Dianthus carthusianorum. — DES FLEU- 

 RISTES. Dianthus Caryophyllus. — DES 

 PRES. Lychnis Flos cuculi. — GIROFLE. 

 Dianthus Caryophyllus — JAXSEXISTE. 

 Lychnis Yiscaria. — MARIN. StaticeLimo- 

 niv.m. — MIGXARDISE, or PLUME. 

 Dianthus plumarius. — PETIT DTNDE. 

 Togetes patula. — VELU. Dianthus Ar- 



CEILLETTE. (Fr.) Papaver somniferum. 



CENAXTHE. A genus of Umbelliferw, 

 consisting for the most part of plants fre- 

 quenting wet or marshy places, or even 

 growing in water. The leaves are much 

 divided, and the umhels compound, gene- 

 rally without a common involucre, but 

 with partial involucels of many narrow 

 bracts. The outermost flowers are usually 

 on long stalks, sterile and with large pe- 

 tals; the inner ones on shorter stalks. The 

 fruit is cylindrical or ovate, surmounted 

 by the teeth of the calyx, and by the long 

 styles, which latter are dilated at the base ; 

 and the carpels marked by five convex ribs, 

 between which, within the rind, run as 

 many vittse. 



The species are distributed throughout 

 the whole of the northern hemisphere, but 

 are rare in America. Some of them are 



?:«a;i: 



CEnanthe crocata. 

 met with in this country, and certain of 

 these are very poisonous. CE. crocata is a 

 stout branched species attaining a height 

 of three to five feet ; the root consists of 

 a number of thick whitish parsnip-like 

 tubers ; the leaves are twice or thrice pin- 

 nate, with broad lozenge-shaped segments ; 

 the umbels are on long terminal stalks, the 

 outer florets imperfect; and the fruits are 

 somewhat cylindrical, densely packed. The 

 juice of the stem and roots hecomes yellow 

 when exposed to the air. The roots act as 

 a narcotic, acrid poison, and from their re- 

 semblance to parsnips have been the cause 

 of frequent and sometimes of fatal acci- 

 dents. The difference between this plant 

 and the parsnip is, however, sufficiently 

 obvious in the foliage, inflorescence, &c: 

 thus the root of the parsnip is single, while 

 there are several tubers in CE. crocata. The 

 locality in which the plant is found, and 

 its wild not cultivated condition, should 

 likewise induce caution. The plant has 

 been used with beneficial result in certain 

 skin-diseases ; also in the form of poultices 

 to ulcers, &c, as well as for the purpose of 

 poisoning rats and moles. 



CE. Phellandrium, the Water Dropwort, 

 is less poisonous than the preceding. It 

 grows in wet places or even in the water, 



