PAVO] 



&Ijp Er*m£urs? of SSntani?. 



854 



axillary ; and there is an involucel or outer 

 calyx of Ave or more leaflets, distinct or 

 united together, generally in one row, but 

 occasionally in two. Calyx five-cleft ; pe- 

 tals five, oblique; ovary sessile, five-lobed, 

 five-celled, each compartment containing 

 a single ovule ; style ten-cleft : fruit of 

 five one-seeded carpels. 



P. diuretica is employed medicinally in 

 Brazil, as also are P. zeylanica and P. odo- 

 rata in the southern parts of India. Some 

 of the species are grown in stovehouses 

 in this country, but are not remarkable for 

 beauty. [M. T. MJ 



PAVOT. (Fr.) Papaver. — COQ. Pa- 

 paver Rhceas. — CORNU. Glaucinm lu- 

 teum. — DES JARDINS. Papaver som- 

 niferum. — - DO" MEXIQUE. Arnemone 

 mexicana. — DE TOURNEFORT, or DU 

 LEVANT. Papaver orientate. — EPI- 

 NEUX. Argemone mexicana. — JAUNE 

 DES PYRENEES. Meconopsis cambrica. 

 — PORTE-SOIE. Papaver setigerum. 



PAXILLUS. A genus closely allied to 

 Agaricus, but distinguished by the gills 

 readily separating from the pileus. P. invo- 

 lutus is one of our commonest fungi, espe- 

 cially about fir-woods, being remarkable for 

 its involute margin, and yellowish some- 

 what branched porous hymenium, which 

 becomes brown when bruised. [M. J. B.] 



PAXTONIA. A genus of orchids named 

 in compliment to Sir Joseph Paxton, the 

 well-known horticulturist. The only spe- 

 cies, P. rosea, is one of the very few orchids 

 which have the petals all similar, instead 

 of one (called the lip) being strikingly un- 

 like the others. It was established as a 

 genus by Dr. Lindley, but further acquaint- 

 ance shows reason to suspect that it is what 

 js called a peloria or regular form of an- 

 other orchid, Spathoglottis spicata. The 

 plant is terrestrial, and has dense tufts of 

 oblong three leaved pseudobulbs marked 

 with ring-like scars, and erect slender dis- 

 tantly-sheathed scapes, taller than the pli- 

 cate leaves, and bearing upon its summit 

 six or eight pretty rose-coloured flowers 

 about an inch and a half across. These 

 have a six-leaved perianth with the divi- 

 sions alike, an erect almost terete column 

 somewhat thickened towards the top, and 

 eight narrow club-shaped unequal pollen- 

 masses coherent at their apices. [A. S.] 



PAYENA. A genus of Sapotacece named 

 in honour of the celebrated French chemist. 

 The species are shrubs with elliptical leaves, 

 and axillary flower-stalks. Calyx four-part- 

 ed, its segments ovate, externally pubes- 

 cent: corolla tubular below, bell-shaped 

 above, where it is divided into eight pieces ; 

 stamens eight, inserted into the tube of 

 the corolla opposite to its lobes, and be- 

 tween them as many little teeth. The con- 

 nective is prolonged into a fleshy point ; 

 the ovary is hairy, with eight compart- 

 ments; and the style is smooth, twice as 

 long as the calyx. [M. T. M.J 



PAYPAYROLA. A genus of tropical 

 American trees of the order Vwlacece. The 



flowers are in dense branching spikes or 

 clusters ; sepals and petals five, nearly 

 equal, the latter coherent at the base after 

 flowering; filaments combined intoashort 

 cup bearing the anthers ; ovary sessile ; 

 style terminal, short, irregularly dilated or 

 two-lobed at the top ; fruit capsular, three 

 valved. [M. T. M.] 



PEA. Pisum. —, BLACK-EYED. A 

 "West Indian name for Doliehos sphwrosper- 

 mus. — , BUTTERFLY. Clitoria Mariana. 

 —, CHICK. Cicer arietinnm : the name was 

 formerly written Cich or Ciche 3 sometimes 

 Rammes Ciches. —.CONGO. Cajanus in- 

 dicus bicolor. — , EARTH. Lathyrus am- 

 phicarpus. — , EARTH-NUT. Lathyrus tu- 

 berosum. —.EGYPTIAN. Cicer arietin inn. 

 — , EVERLASTING. Lathyrus latifolius. 

 — , FLAT. Platylobium. — , GLORY. Cli- 

 anthus. —.HEART, Cardiospermum Ea- 

 licacabum. — , HEATH. Lathyrus macror- 

 rhizus. —, HOARY. Tephrosia. — ,MILK. 

 Galactia. — , NO-EYE. Cajanus indicus 

 flavus. — , ORANGE. The small immature 

 fruit of the Curasao orange used for fla- 

 vouring wines. — , PARTRIDGE. Heiste- 



j ria; also an American name for Cassia Cha- 



| mcecrista. — , PIGEON. Cajanus indicus. 

 — , ROSARY. The seeds of Abrus precato- 

 rius. — , SCURFY. Psoralea. — , SEA. La- 

 thyrus maritimus. —, SPURRED BUT- 

 TERFLY. An American name for Centro- 



'■ sema. —, STURT'S DESERT. Cliauthus 

 Dampieri. — , SWEET. Lathyrus odoraius. 

 — , TANGIER. Lathyrus tingitanus. — , 



j WOOD. Lathyrus macrorrhizus. 



j PEACH. Amygclalus persica. — , GUINEA. 

 Sarcocephalus esculentas. — , NATIVE, of 

 Australia. Santalum acuminatum. — , — , 



j of Sierra Leone. Sarcoceplialus esculentus. 



! PEACH-BLISTER. An affection to 



which peach-leaves are subject, the leaves 



j becoming thick bladdery and curled. By 



I some it is supposed to be produced by 



I aphides; by others it is attributed to the 



action of cold winds when the leaves are 



expanding. In some cases it is undoubtedly 



produced by a minute fungus of the genus 



Ascomyces. If the leaves of a tree are once 



affected, the malady is very apt to recur in 



future seasons. [M. J B.J 



PEACH-WOOD. Nicaragua-wood, Ccesal- 

 pinia echinata. 



PEACHWORT. Polygonium Persicaria. 



PEACOCK'S TAIL. Padina pavonia. 



PEA-FLOWER. A West Indian name 

 for Centrosema and Clitoria. 



PEAR. Pyrus communis ; the name is 

 also applied, generically, to species of Py rus 

 of the group Pyrophoruni, consisting of the 

 Pears proper. — , ALLIGATOR, or AVO- 

 CADO. Persea gratissima. — , ANCHOVY. 

 Grias caulifiora. — , GARLIC. Crata?va 

 gynandra. — , GRAPE. Amelanchier Bo- 

 tmapium. — , PRICKLY. Opuntia vulgaris, 

 and 0. Tuna. -.STRAWBERRY. Cereus 

 triangularis. — , WILD. A West Indian 

 name for Clethra tinifolia. 



