S55 



Ci)£ Crratfuri) at 38atang. 



[PEDD 



PEARL-EVERLASTING. Gnaphalium 

 margaritaceum. 



PEARL-FRUIT. The fruit of Margyri- 

 earpus seiosus. 



PEARL-GREY, Pure grey, a little verg- 

 ing to blue. 



PEARL-MOSS. The same as Carageen. 

 PEARL-PLANT. Liihospermum officinale. 

 PEARLWEED, or PEARL WORT. Sa- 

 gbia. 



PEARMAIST. A kind of Apple. 



PEAR-SHAPED. Obconical, with the 

 sides a little conn-acted. 



PEAR-WITHE. A West Indian name 

 for Tanoeeium Jaroba. 



PEASE. The seeds of the varieties of 

 Pisum sativum. 



PEA-TREE. Sesbania. —, SIBERIAN. 

 Caragana. 



PECHER. (Fr.) Amygdalitis persica. 



PECTIDIUM. The Pedis punctata has 

 been distinguished under this name as a 

 genus on account of a slight difference in 

 the scales of the pappus, which are stiff 

 hard awns, not at all dilated at the base. 



PECTINARIA. Stapelia articulata. 



PECTINATE. The same as Pinnatifld, 

 but with the segments numerous close 

 and narrow, like the teeth of a comb. Pec- 

 tinato-laciniate is cut in a pectinate manner; 

 that is to say, pectinate, with the lobes 

 very long and taper-pointed. 



PECTIS. A genus of Composite, com- 

 prising nearly thirty species, natives of 

 South America, the West indies, or Mexico, 

 all glabrous herbs,with opposite leaves more 

 or less marked with pellucid glandular dots, 

 usually narrow and entire, bordered with a 

 few long stiff hairs or bristles at the base. 

 The flower-heads are usually small, with 

 tubular involucres of a single row of bracts, 

 the receptacle naked, the florets of the ray 

 ligulate, those of the disk tubular. The 

 achenes have a pappus of several scales or 

 stiff bristles, varying in different species 

 in number, and in being more or less dilated 

 at the base. On this account the genus 

 has been divided into four, Pectidopsis, Pec- 

 tidium, Pedis, and Lorentea, but which may 

 be much more conveniently regarded as 

 sections. None of the species are of suffi- 

 cient interest or beauty for cultivation. 



PEDALIACE.E. (Pedalinece, Sesamece, 

 Martyniacece, Pedaliads.) A natural order 

 of perigynous Exogens belonging to Lind- 

 ley's bignonial alliance. It consists of her- 

 baceous plants, with undivided angular or 

 lobed exstipulate leaves, and large axillary 

 flowers, solitary or clustered. The calyx 

 is cut into five equal lobes; the corolla is 

 monopetalous, irregular with a ventricose 

 throat and bilabiate limb ; thehypogynous 

 disk is fleshy or glandular ; the stamens di- 

 dynamous with the rudiment of a fifth; 

 and the ovary one-celled with parietal pla- 



, centa?, becoming a bony or capsular fruit 

 j with four or six spurious cells formed by 

 I the splitting of the two placentas and the 

 divergence of their lobes ; seeds wingless 

 with an amygdaloid embryo. The order is 

 allied to the Bignoniacece, but differs in the 

 parietal placentas and the wingless seeds. 

 It is not very extensive, but is distributed 

 over the tropics, most abundantly in Africa. 

 The seeds of Sesamum yield an abundance 

 of fixed oil of good quality, known as Gin- 

 gilieoil. Martynia, Uncaria, and Sesamum 

 are examples of the genera, which number 

 about a dozen. [T. M.] 



PEDALIS. Twelve inches long, or the 

 length of a tall man's foot. 



PEDALIFM. The order Pedaliaceoz 

 takes its name from this genus, the only 

 representative of which is P. murex, a tall 

 succulent branching annual plant, com- 

 mon near the sea on the Ooromandel and 

 Malabar coasts of India, and in Ceylon. This 

 plant has long-stalked opposite oval tooth- 

 ed leaves, and rather showy yellow flowers 

 produced singly in the axils of the leaves, 

 upon short stalks which are furnished with 

 glands near the base. They have a small 

 five-parted calyx with the upper lobe short- 

 I er than the others ; a tubular corolla equal 

 I at the bottom and wide at the mouth, ex- 

 j panding into five round lobes the lowest 

 of which is the largest ; four stamens in 

 \ pairs of different length with the anthers 

 forming a cross ; and a thread-like style 

 bearing a bifid stigma. Its. fruits, which 

 do not open when ripe, are four-sided and 

 of a somewhat pyramidal or conical shape, 

 with four sharp prickles upon the corners 

 near the base, and are divided into three 

 cells, one of which is empty, while each of 

 the others contains two pendulous seeds. 



All parts of the plant give off a musky 

 odour when rubbed ; and the fresh branches 

 possess the curious property of rendering 

 water or milk mucilaginous by simply 

 drawing them a few times round in the 

 vessel containing it. In India the butter- 

 milk sold in the markets is frequently adul- 

 terated by mixing with water thickened 

 by this means. The seeds also are muci- 

 laginous, and are used in India for making 

 j poultices. [A. S.] 



PEDANE, or PET D'ANE. (Fr.) Ono- 

 pordon. 



PEDATE, PEDATIFID. The same as 

 Palmate, except that the two lateral lobes 

 are themselves divided into smaller seg- 

 ments, the midribs of which do not directly 

 run into the same point as the rest. Hence : 

 pedatiform, having a pedate form; pe- 

 datilobed, or pedotilobate, when a palmate 

 leaf has the supplementary lobes at the 

 base ; pedatinerved, when the ribs are ar- 

 ranged in a pedate manner ; pedatipartite, 

 or pedatisect, when a pedate leaf has seg- 

 ments separated into so many distinct leaf- 

 lets. 



PEDDA-CANREW. A Molucca name for 

 the fruit of Flacourtia sapida. 



PEDDIEA. The name of a Nepal shrub 



